CWE-682

Lighttpd 1.4.56 through 1.4.58 allows a remote attacker to cause a denial of service (CPU consumption from stuck connections) because connection_read_header_more in connections.c has a typo that disrupts use of multiple read operations on large headers.

Lib/ipaddress.py in Python through 3.8.3 improperly computes hash values in the IPv4Interface and IPv6Interface classes, which might allow a remote attacker to cause a denial of service if an application is affected by the performance of a dictionary containing IPv4Interface or IPv6Interface objects, and this attacker can cause many dictionary entries to be created. This is fixed in: v3.5.10, v3.5.10rc1; v3.6.12; v3.7.9; v3.8.4, v3.8.4rc1, v3.8.5, v3.8.6, v3.8.6rc1; v3.9.0, v3.9.0b4, v3.9.0b5, v3.9.0rc1, v3.9.0rc2.

NTP before 4.2.8p9 does not properly perform the initial sync calculations, which allows remote attackers to unspecified impact via unknown vectors, related to a "root distance that did not include the peer dispersion."

A Security Feature Bypass vulnerability exists in MSR JavaScript Cryptography Library that is caused by incorrect arithmetic computations, aka "MSR JavaScript Cryptography Library Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability." This affects Microsoft Research JavaScript Cryptography Library.

Internet Connection Sharing (ICS) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

In reassemble_and_dispatch of packet_fragmenter.cc, there is possible out of bounds write due to an incorrect bounds calculation. This could lead to remote code execution over Bluetooth with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-8.0 Android-8.1 Android-9 Android-10Android ID: A-143894715

A flaw was found in moodle where logic used to count failed login attempts could result in the account lockout threshold being bypassed.

In Expat (aka libexpat) before 2.4.3, a left shift by 29 (or more) places in the storeAtts function in xmlparse.c can lead to realloc misbehavior (e.g., allocating too few bytes, or only freeing memory).

library/glob.html in the Python 2 and 3 documentation before 2016 has potentially misleading information about whether sorting occurs, as demonstrated by irreproducible cancer-research results. NOTE: the effects of this documentation cross application domains, and thus it is likely that security-relevant code elsewhere is affected. This issue is not a Python implementation bug, and there are no reports that NMR researchers were specifically relying on library/glob.html. In other words, because the older documentation stated "finds all the pathnames matching a specified pattern according to the rules used by the Unix shell," one might have incorrectly inferred that the sorting that occurs in a Unix shell also occurred for glob.glob. There is a workaround in newer versions of Willoughby nmr-data_compilation-p2.py and nmr-data_compilation-p3.py, which call sort() directly.

A stack-based buffer overflow in handle_request function in DHT.c in toxcore 0.1.9 through 0.1.11 and 0.2.0 through 0.2.12 (caused by an improper length calculation during the handling of received network packets) allows remote attackers to crash the process or potentially execute arbitrary code via a network packet.

Incorrect verifier pruning in BPF in Linux Kernel >=5.4 leads to unsafe code paths being incorrectly marked as safe, resulting in arbitrary read/write in kernel memory, lateral privilege escalation, and container escape.

In Wireshark 2.6.0 to 2.6.3, the CoAP dissector could crash. This was addressed in epan/dissectors/packet-coap.c by ensuring that the piv length is correctly computed.

In Go before 1.14.14 and 1.15.x before 1.15.7, crypto/elliptic/p224.go can generate incorrect outputs, related to an underflow of the lowest limb during the final complete reduction in the P-224 field.

An unauthenticated attacker can cause a denial-of-service to the following products: Ivanti Connect Secure (ICS) in versions prior to 9.1R14.3, 9.1R15.2, 9.1R16.2, and 22.2R4, Ivanti Policy Secure (IPS) in versions prior to 9.1R17 and 22.3R1, and Ivanti Neurons for Zero-Trust Access in versions prior to 22.3R1.

net/sctp/sm_make_chunk.c in the Linux kernel before 2.6.34, when addip_enable and auth_enable are used, does not consider the amount of zero padding during calculation of chunk lengths for (1) INIT and (2) INIT ACK chunks, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (OOPS) via crafted packet data.

A Security Feature Bypass vulnerability exists in the MSR JavaScript Cryptography Library that is caused by multiple bugs in the library’s Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) implementation.An attacker could potentially abuse these bugs to learn information about a server’s private ECC key (a key leakage attack) or craft an invalid ECDSA signature that nevertheless passes as valid.The security update addresses the vulnerability by fixing the bugs disclosed in the ECC implementation, aka 'MSR JavaScript Cryptography Library Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability'.

A flaw in DRBG number generation within the Network Security Services (NSS) library where the internal state V does not correctly carry bits over. The NSS library has been updated to fix this issue to address this issue and Firefox ESR 52.1 has been updated with NSS version 3.28.4. This vulnerability affects Thunderbird < 52.1, Firefox ESR < 45.9, Firefox ESR < 52.1, and Firefox < 53.

ati_2d_blt in hw/display/ati_2d.c in QEMU 4.2.1 can encounter an outside-limits situation in a calculation. A guest can crash the QEMU process.

In Solana rBPF versions 0.2.26 and 0.2.27 are affected by Incorrect Calculation which is caused by improper implementation of sdiv instruction. This can lead to the wrong execution path, resulting in huge loss in specific cases. For example, the result of a sdiv instruction may decide whether to transfer tokens or not. The vulnerability affects both integrity and may cause serious availability problems.

libimageworsener.a in ImageWorsener before 1.3.1 has "left shift cannot be represented in type int" undefined behavior issues, which might allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (application crash) or possibly have unspecified other impact via a crafted image, related to imagew-bmp.c and imagew-util.c.

A bug in the standard library ScalarMult implementation of curve P-256 for amd64 architectures in Go before 1.7.6 and 1.8.x before 1.8.2 causes incorrect results to be generated for specific input points. An adaptive attack can be mounted to progressively extract the scalar input to ScalarMult by submitting crafted points and observing failures to the derive correct output. This leads to a full key recovery attack against static ECDH, as used in popular JWT libraries.

coders/xwd.c in GraphicsMagick 1.3.31 allows attackers to cause a denial of service (floating-point exception and application crash) by crafting an XWD image file, a different vulnerability than CVE-2019-11008 and CVE-2019-11009.

In Wireshark 3.2.0 to 3.2.7, the GQUIC dissector could crash. This was addressed in epan/dissectors/packet-gquic.c by correcting the implementation of offset advancement.

When ImageMagick 7.0.6-1 processes a crafted file in convert, it can lead to a Floating Point Exception (FPE) in the WritePALMImage() function in coders/palm.c, related to an incorrect bits-per-pixel calculation.

Go Ethereum, or "Geth", is the official Golang implementation of the Ethereum protocol. An ethash mining DAG generation flaw in Geth before version 1.9.24 could cause miners to erroneously calculate PoW in an upcoming epoch (estimated early January, 2021). This happened on the ETC chain on 2020-11-06. This issue is relevant only for miners, non-mining nodes are unaffected. This issue is fixed as of 1.9.24

Wasmtime is a standalone runtime for WebAssembly. In affected versions wasmtime's implementation of the SIMD proposal for WebAssembly on x86_64 contained two distinct bugs in the instruction lowerings implemented in Cranelift. The aarch64 implementation of the simd proposal is not affected. The bugs were presented in the `i8x16.swizzle` and `select` WebAssembly instructions. The `select` instruction is only affected when the inputs are of `v128` type. The correspondingly affected Cranelift instructions were `swizzle` and `select`. The `swizzle` instruction lowering in Cranelift erroneously overwrote the mask input register which could corrupt a constant value, for example. This means that future uses of the same constant may see a different value than the constant itself. The `select` instruction lowering in Cranelift wasn't correctly implemented for vector types that are 128-bits wide. When the condition was 0 the wrong instruction was used to move the correct input to the output of the instruction meaning that only the low 32 bits were moved and the upper 96 bits of the result were left as whatever the register previously contained (instead of the input being moved from). The `select` instruction worked correctly if the condition was nonzero, however. This bug in Wasmtime's implementation of these instructions on x86_64 represents an incorrect implementation of the specified semantics of these instructions according to the WebAssembly specification. The impact of this is benign for hosts running WebAssembly but represents possible vulnerabilities within the execution of a guest program. For example a WebAssembly program could take unintended branches or materialize incorrect values internally which runs the risk of exposing the program itself to other related vulnerabilities which can occur from miscompilations. We have released Wasmtime 0.38.1 and cranelift-codegen (and other associated cranelift crates) 0.85.1 which contain the corrected implementations of these two instructions in Cranelift. If upgrading is not an option for you at this time, you can avoid the vulnerability by disabling the Wasm simd proposal. Additionally the bug is only present on x86_64 hosts. Other aarch64 hosts are not affected. Note that s390x hosts don't yet implement the simd proposal and are not affected.

An issue was discovered in FIS GT.M through V7.0-000 (related to the YottaDB code base). Using crafted input, an attacker can cause a size variable, stored as an signed int, to equal an extremely large value, which is interpreted as a negative value during a check. This value is then used in a memcpy call on the stack, causing a memory segmentation fault.

This vulnerability allows local attackers to escalate privileges on affected installations of Linux Kernel 5.11.15. An attacker must first obtain the ability to execute low-privileged code on the target system in order to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the handling of eBPF programs. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied eBPF programs prior to executing them. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to escalate privileges and execute arbitrary code in the context of the kernel. Was ZDI-CAN-13661.

Off-by-one error in the OpenType Sanitizer in Google Chrome before 18.0.1025.142 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service or possibly have unspecified other impact via a crafted OpenType file.

ngiflib 0.4 has a heap-based buffer overflow in WritePixel() in ngiflib.c when called from DecodeGifImg, because deinterlacing for small pictures is mishandled.

An unauthenticated remote attacker could create a permanent denial-of-service condition by sending specially crafted OSPF packets. Successful exploitation requires OSPF to be enabled on an affected device on the SCALANCE XM-400, XR-500 (All versions prior to v6.4).

STB v2.27 was discovered to contain an integer shift of invalid size in the component stbi__jpeg_decode_block_prog_ac.

An issue was discovered in the orion crate before 0.11.2 for Rust. reset() calls cause incorrect results.

Coturn is free open source implementation of TURN and STUN Server. Coturn before version 4.5.2 by default does not allow peers to connect and relay packets to loopback addresses in the range of `127.x.x.x`. However, it was observed that when sending a `CONNECT` request with the `XOR-PEER-ADDRESS` value of `0.0.0.0`, a successful response was received and subsequently, `CONNECTIONBIND` also received a successful response. Coturn then is able to relay packets to the loopback interface. Additionally, when coturn is listening on IPv6, which is default, the loopback interface can also be reached by making use of either `[::1]` or `[::]` as the peer address. By using the address `0.0.0.0` as the peer address, a malicious user will be able to relay packets to the loopback interface, unless `--denied-peer-ip=0.0.0.0` (or similar) has been specified. Since the default configuration implies that loopback peers are not allowed, coturn administrators may choose to not set the `denied-peer-ip` setting. The issue patched in version 4.5.2. As a workaround the addresses in the address block `0.0.0.0/8`, `[::1]` and `[::]` should be denied by default unless `--allow-loopback-peers` has been specified.

ngiflib 0.4 has a heap-based buffer overflow in WritePixels() in ngiflib.c when called from DecodeGifImg, because deinterlacing for small pictures is mishandled.

A remote code execution vulnerability in the Android media framework (libmpeg2). Product: Android. Versions: 6.0, 6.0.1, 7.0, 7.1.1, 7.1.2, 8.0. Android ID A-63874456.

A vulnerability in certain IPv4 fragment-processing functions of Cisco Remote PHY Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to impact traffic passing through a device, potentially causing a denial of service (DoS) condition. The vulnerability is due to the affected software not validating and calculating certain numerical values in IPv4 packets that are sent to an affected device. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending malformed IPv4 traffic to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to disrupt the flow of certain IPv4 traffic passing through an affected device, which could result in a DoS condition.

ffjpeg.dll in ffjpeg before 2018-08-22 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (FPE signal) via a progressive JPEG file that lacks an AC Huffman table.

Internet Connection Sharing (ICS) Denial of Service Vulnerability

An issue was discovered in the ark-r1cs-std crate before 0.3.1 for Rust. It does not enforce any constraints in the FieldVar::mul_by_inverse method. Thus, a prover can produce a proof that is unsound but is nonetheless verified.

The _deposit function in the smart contract implementation for Stable Yield Credit (yCREDIT), an Ethereum token, has certain incorrect calculations. An attacker can obtain more yCREDIT tokens than they should.

A remote code execution vulnerability in the Android media framework. Product: Android. Versions: 6.0, 6.0.1, 7.0, 7.1.1, 7.1.2. Android ID: A-36996978.

Go Ethereum, or "Geth", is the official Golang implementation of the Ethereum protocol. This is a Consensus vulnerability in Geth before version 1.9.17 which can be used to cause a chain-split where vulnerable nodes reject the canonical chain. Geth's pre-compiled dataCopy (at 0x00...04) contract did a shallow copy on invocation. An attacker could deploy a contract that writes X to an EVM memory region R, then calls 0x00..04 with R as an argument, then overwrites R to Y, and finally invokes the RETURNDATACOPY opcode. When this contract is invoked, a consensus-compliant node would push X on the EVM stack, whereas Geth would push Y. This is fixed in version 1.9.17.

In all Qualcomm products with Android releases from CAF using the Linux kernel, during DMA allocation, due to wrong data type of size, allocation size gets truncated which makes allocation succeed when it should fail.

All versions of package fast-string-search are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) when computations are incorrect for non-string inputs. One can cause the V8 to attempt reading from non-permitted locations and cause a segmentation fault due to the violation.

A vulnerability was discovered in the Rockwell Automation Armor PowerFlex device when the product sends communications to the local event log. Threat actors could exploit this vulnerability by sending an influx of network commands, causing the product to generate an influx of event log traffic at a high rate. If exploited, the product would stop normal operations and self-reset creating a denial-of-service condition. The error code would need to be cleared prior to resuming normal operations.

The WebAssembly JIT could miscalculate the size of a return type, which could lead to a null read and result in a crash. *Note: This issue only affected x86-32 platforms. Other platforms are unaffected.*. This vulnerability affects Firefox ESR < 78.10, Thunderbird < 78.10, and Firefox < 88.

In handleRun of TextLine.java, there is a possible application crash due to improper input validation. This could lead to remote denial of service when processing Unicode with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-8.0 Android-8.1 Android-9 Android-10Android ID: A-140632678

There is a floating point exception error in sixel_encoder_do_resize, encoder.c:633 in libsixel img2sixel 1.8.6. Remote attackers could leverage this vulnerability to cause a denial-of-service via a crafted JPEG file.

OPA is an open source, general-purpose policy engine. Under certain conditions, pretty-printing an abstract syntax tree (AST) that contains synthetic nodes could change the logic of some statements by reordering array literals. Example of policies impacted are those that parse and compare web paths. **All of these** three conditions have to be met to create an adverse effect: 1. An AST of Rego had to be **created programmatically** such that it ends up containing terms without a location (such as wildcard variables). 2. The AST had to be **pretty-printed** using the `github.com/open-policy-agent/opa/format` package. 3. The result of the pretty-printing had to be **parsed and evaluated again** via an OPA instance using the bundles, or the Golang packages. If any of these three conditions are not met, you are not affected. Notably, all three would be true if using **optimized bundles**, i.e. bundles created with `opa build -O=1` or higher. In that case, the optimizer would fulfil condition (1.), the result of that would be pretty-printed when writing the bundle to disk, fulfilling (2.). When the bundle was then used, we'd satisfy (3.). As a workaround users may disable optimization when creating bundles.

When loading a document with Apache Open Office 4.1.5 and earlier with smaller end line termination than the operating system uses, the defect occurs. In this case OpenOffice runs into an Arithmetic Overflow at a string length calculation.

espritblock eos4j, an unofficial SDK for EOS, through 2018-07-12 mishandles floating-point numbers with more than four digits after the decimal point, which might allow attackers to trigger currency transfers of unintended amounts.

An issue was discovered in YottaDB through r1.32 and V7.0-000. Using crafted input, attackers can cause a calculation of the size of calls to memset in op_fnj3 in sr_port/op_fnj3.c to result in an extremely large value in order to cause a segmentation fault and crash the application. This is a digs-- calculation.

An issue was discovered in YottaDB through r1.32 and V7.0-000. Using crafted input, attackers can cause a calculation of the size of calls to memset in op_fnj3 in sr_port/op_fnj3.c to result in an extremely large value in order to cause a segmentation fault and crash the application. This is a "- (digs < 1 ? 1 : digs)" subtraction.

A vulnerability in the Android media framework (n/a). Product: Android. Versions: 7.0, 7.1.1, 7.1.2, 8.0. Android ID: A-63045918.

Datalust Seq before 2021.2.6259 allows users (with view filters applied to their accounts) to see query results not constrained by their view filter. This information exposure, caused by an internal cache key collision, occurs when the user's view filter includes an array or IN clause, and when another user has recently executed an identical query differing only by the array elements.

Inappropriate implementation in JavaScript in Google Chrome prior to 76.0.3809.87 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.

On certain hardware BIG-IP platforms, in version 15.1.x before 15.1.4 and 14.1.x before 14.1.3, virtual servers may stop responding while processing TCP traffic due to an issue in the SYN Cookie Protection feature. Note: Software versions which have reached End of Technical Support (EoTS) are not evaluated.

Wasmtime is a standalone runtime for WebAssembly. There is a bug in Wasmtime's code generator, Cranelift, for AArch64 targets where constant divisors can result in incorrect division results at runtime. This affects Wasmtime prior to version 0.38.2 and Cranelift prior to 0.85.2. This issue only affects the AArch64 platform. Other platforms are not affected. The translation rules for constants did not take into account whether sign or zero-extension should happen which resulted in an incorrect value being placed into a register when a division was encountered. The impact of this bug is that programs executing within the WebAssembly sandbox would not behave according to the WebAssembly specification. This means that it is hypothetically possible for execution within the sandbox to go awry and WebAssembly programs could produce unexpected results. This should not impact hosts executing WebAssembly but does affect the correctness of guest programs. This bug has been patched in Wasmtime version 0.38.2 and cranelift-codegen 0.85.2. There are no known workarounds.

Go Ethereum, or "Geth", is the official Golang implementation of the Ethereum protocol. In Geth from version 1.9.4 and before version 1.9.20 a consensus-vulnerability could cause a chain split, where vulnerable versions refuse to accept the canonical chain. The fix was included in the Paragade release version 1.9.20. No individual workaround patches have been made -- all users are recommended to upgrade to a newer version.

A floating-point exception was discovered in PackLinuxElf::elf_hash in p_lx_elf.cpp in UPX 3.95. The vulnerability causes an application crash, which leads to denial of service.

On BIG-IP AFM version 16.x before 16.1.0, 15.1.x before 15.1.5, 14.1.x before 14.1.4.5, and all versions of 13.1.x, when global AFM SYN cookie protection (TCP Half Open flood vector) is activated in the AFM Device Dos or DOS profile, certain types of TCP connections will fail. Note: Software versions which have reached End of Technical Support (EoTS) are not evaluated.

Frontier is an Ethereum compatibility layer for Substrate. Frontier's `modexp` precompile uses `num-bigint` crate under the hood. In the implementation prior to pull request 1017, the cases for modulus being even and modulus being odd are treated separately. Odd modulus uses the fast Montgomery multiplication, and even modulus uses the slow plain power algorithm. This gas cost discrepancy was not accounted for in the `modexp` precompile, leading to possible denial of service attacks. No fixes for `num-bigint` are currently available, and thus this issue is fixed in the short term by raising the gas costs for even modulus, and in the long term fixing it in `num-bigint` or switching to another modexp implementation. The short-term fix for Frontier is deployed at pull request 1017. There are no known workarounds aside from applying the fix.

The ScalarMult and ScalarBaseMult methods of the P256 Curve may return an incorrect result if called with some specific unreduced scalars (a scalar larger than the order of the curve). This does not impact usages of crypto/ecdsa or crypto/ecdh.

On F5 BIG-IP 15.1.x versions prior to 15.1.5.1, 14.1.x versions prior to 14.1.4.6, and 13.1.x versions prior to 13.1.5, when the BIG-IP CGNAT Large Scale NAT (LSN) pool is configured on a virtual server and packet filtering is enabled, undisclosed requests can cause the Traffic Management Microkernel (TMM) to terminate. Note: Software versions which have reached End of Technical Support (EoTS) are not evaluated

Vyper is a Pythonic Smart Contract Language for the EVM. In affected versions external functions did not properly validate the bounds of decimal arguments. The can lead to logic errors. This issue has been resolved in version 0.3.0.

An elevation of privilege vulnerability in Audioserver could enable a local malicious application to execute arbitrary code within the context of a privileged process. This issue is rated as High because it could be used to gain local access to elevated capabilities, which are not normally accessible to a third-party application. Product: Android. Versions: 5.0.2, 5.1.1, 6.0, 6.0.1, 7.0, 7.1.1. Android ID: A-32591350.

OpenZeppelin Contracts is a library for secure smart contract development. This issue concerns instances of Governor that use the module `GovernorVotesQuorumFraction`, a mechanism that determines quorum requirements as a percentage of the voting token's total supply. In affected instances, when a proposal is passed to lower the quorum requirements, past proposals may become executable if they had been defeated only due to lack of quorum, and the number of votes it received meets the new quorum requirement. Analysis of instances on chain found only one proposal that met this condition, and we are actively monitoring for new occurrences of this particular issue. This issue has been patched in v4.7.2. Users are advised to upgrade. Users unable to upgrade should consider avoiding lowering quorum requirements if a past proposal was defeated for lack of quorum.

Frontier is an Ethereum compatibility layer for Substrate. Prior to commit d3beddc6911a559a3ecc9b3f08e153dbe37a8658, the worst case weight was always accounted as the block weight for all cases. In case of large EVM gas refunds, this can lead to block spamming attacks -- the adversary can construct blocks with transactions that have large amount of refunds or unused gases with reverts, and as a result inflate up the chain gas prices. The impact of this issue is limited in that the spamming attack would still be costly for any adversary, and it has no ability to alter any chain state. This issue has been patched in commit d3beddc6911a559a3ecc9b3f08e153dbe37a8658. There are no known workarounds.

In BIG-IP versions 17.0.x before 17.0.0.1, 16.1.x before 16.1.3.1, 15.1.x before 15.1.7, and 14.1.x before 14.1.5.1, when an LTM TCP profile with Auto Receive Window Enabled is configured on a virtual server, undisclosed traffic can cause the virtual server to stop processing new client connections.

When computing a shared secret or point multiplication on the NIST P-256 curve using a public key with an X coordinate of zero, an error is returned from the library, and an invalid unreduced value is written to the output buffer. This may be leveraged by an attacker to cause an error scenario, resulting in a limited denial of service for an individual user. The scope of impact cannot extend to other components.

When computing a shared secret or point multiplication on the NIST P-256 curve that results in an X coordinate of zero, the resulting output is not properly reduced modulo the P-256 field prime and is invalid. The resulting output may cause an error when used in other operations. This may be leveraged by an attacker to cause an error scenario or incorrect choice of session key in applications which use the library, resulting in a limited denial of service for an individual user. The scope of impact cannot extend to other components.

When compressing or decompressing elliptic curve points using the Sweet B library, an incorrect choice of sign bit is used. An attacker with user level privileges and no other user's assistance can exploit this vulnerability with only knowledge of the public key and the library. The resulting output may cause an error when used in other operations; for instance, verification of a valid signature under a decompressed public key may fail. This may be leveraged by an attacker to cause an error scenario in applications which use the library, resulting in a limited denial of service for an individual user. The scope of impact cannot extend to other components.

OpenZeppelin Contracts is a library for secure smart contract development. The ERC721Consecutive contract designed for minting NFTs in batches does not update balances when a batch has size 1 and consists of a single token. Subsequent transfers from the receiver of that token may overflow the balance as reported by `balanceOf`. The issue exclusively presents with batches of size 1. The issue has been patched in 4.8.2.

VirtualSquare picoTCP (aka PicoTCP-NG) through 2.1 lacks certain size calculations before attempting to set a value of an mss structure member.

Vyper is a Pythonic Smart Contract Language for the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM). Contracts containing large arrays might underallocate the number of slots they need by 1. Prior to v0.3.8, the calculation to determine how many slots a storage variable needed used `math.ceil(type_.size_in_bytes / 32)`. The intermediate floating point step can produce a rounding error if there are enough bits set in the IEEE-754 mantissa. Roughly speaking, if `type_.size_in_bytes` is large (> 2**46), and slightly less than a power of 2, the calculation can overestimate how many slots are needed by 1. If `type_.size_in_bytes` is slightly more than a power of 2, the calculation can underestimate how many slots are needed by 1. This issue is patched in version 0.3.8.

Vyper is a Pythonic Smart Contract Language for the EVM. The `_abi_decode()` function does not validate input when it is nested in an expression. Uses of `_abi_decode()` can be constructed which allow for bounds checking to be bypassed resulting in incorrect results. This issue has not yet been fixed, but a fix is expected in release `0.3.10`. Users are advised to reference pull request #3626.

Multiplication of certain unreduced P-256 scalars produce incorrect results. There are no protocols known at this time that can be attacked due to this.

New API is a large language mode (LLM) gateway and artificial intelligence (AI) asset management system. Prior to 1.0.0-rc.18, user-controlled image n, video seconds and duration, max_tokens, max_completion_tokens, maxOutputTokens, audio duration, and billing-expression quantities can overflow conversions in common/quota_math.go and related settlement paths, allowing a low-privileged account with positive balance or an active subscription to turn a negative charge into account credit and potentially drain upstream funds. This issue is fixed in version 1.0.0-rc.18.

JIT miscompilation in the JavaScript: WebAssembly component. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 153, Firefox ESR 140.13, Thunderbird 153, and Thunderbird 140.13.

Polkadot Frontier is an Ethereum and EVM compatibility layer for Polkadot and Substrate. The extrinsic note_min_gas_price_target is an inherent extrinsic, meaning only the block producer can call it. To ensure correctness, the ProvideInherent trait should be implemented for each inherent, which includes the check_inherent call. This allows other nodes to verify if the input (in this case, the target value) is correct. However, prior to commit a754b3d, the check_inherent function has not been implemented for note_min_gas_price_target. This lets the block producer set the target value without verification. The target is then used to set the MinGasPrice, which has an upper and lower bound defined in the on_initialize hook. The block producer can set the target to the upper bound. Which also increases the upper and lower bounds for the next block. Over time, this could result in continuously raising the gas price, making contract execution too expensive and ineffective for users. An attacker could use this flaw to manipulate the gas price, potentially leading to significantly inflated transaction fees. Such manipulation could render contract execution prohibitively expensive for users, effectively resulting in a denial-of-service condition for the network. This is fixed in version a754b3d.

When using a TarFile.errorlevel = 0 and extracting with a filter the documented behavior is that any filtered members would be skipped and not extracted. However the actual behavior of TarFile.errorlevel = 0 in affected versions is that the member would still be extracted and not skipped.

There exists a denial of service through Data corruption in gRPC-C++ - gRPC-C++ servers with transmit zero copy enabled through the channel arg GRPC_ARG_TCP_TX_ZEROCOPY_ENABLED can experience data corruption issues. The data sent by the application may be corrupted before transmission over the network thus leading the receiver to receive an incorrect set of bytes causing RPC requests to fail. We recommend upgrading past commit e9046b2bbebc0cb7f5dc42008f807f6c7e98e791

An issue in the oneflow.permute component of OneFlow-Inc. Oneflow v0.9.1 causes an incorrect calculation when the same dimension operation is performed.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: dm-integrity: don't increment hash_offset twice hash_offset is already incremented in the loop "for (i = 0; i < to_copy; i++, ts--)". Do not increment it again.

HashiCorp Nomad and Nomad Enterprise 1.4.0 up to 1.5.0 did not correctly enforce deny policies applied to a workload’s variables. Fixed in 1.4.6 and 1.5.1.

In FreeBSD 12.0-STABLE before r350222, 12.0-RELEASE before 12.0-RELEASE-p8, 11.3-STABLE before r350223, 11.3-RELEASE before 11.3-RELEASE-p1, and 11.2-RELEASE before 11.2-RELEASE-p12, rights transmitted over a domain socket did not properly release a reference on transmission error allowing a malicious user to cause the reference counter to wrap, forcing a free event. This could allow a malicious local user to gain root privileges or escape from a jail.

A vulnerability in the implementation of Intermediate System&ndash;to&ndash;Intermediate System (IS&ndash;IS) routing protocol functionality in Cisco IOS XR Software could allow an unauthenticated attacker who is in the same IS-IS area to cause a denial of service (DoS) condition. The vulnerability is due to incorrect processing of IS&ndash;IS link-state protocol data units (PDUs). An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending specific link-state PDUs to an affected system to be processed. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to cause incorrect calculations used in the weighted remote shared risk link groups (SRLG) or in the IGP Flexible Algorithm. It could also cause tracebacks to the logs or potentially cause the receiving device to crash the IS&ndash;IS process, resulting in a DoS condition.

PREVAIL is a Polynomial-Runtime EBPF Verifier using an Abstract Interpretation Layer. Prior to version 0.2.4, the prevail eBPF verifier accepts ALU32 ADD and SUB instructions that operate on pointer-typed registers without checking the is64 flag. Because ALU32 arithmetic zero-extends the 32-bit result, the upper half of any pointer is silently destroyed at runtime, yet prevail marks the program as verified safe. Any caller that can submit an eBPF program for verification — including unprivileged users on kernels that permit BPF program loading — can produce a program that passes verification but faults or misbehaves at runtime. This issue has been patched in version 0.2.4.

PREVAIL is a Polynomial-Runtime EBPF Verifier using an Abstract Interpretation Layer. Prior to version 0.2.4, in the Prevail eBPF verifier, EbpfTransformer::add() silently skips offset-variable updates when the destination register carries a non-singleton typeset (two or more simultaneously possible pointer types). Subsequent bounds checks use the stale offset and accept out-of-bounds memory accesses, so a crafted BPF program passes verification even though it would corrupt memory at runtime. This issue has been patched in version 0.2.4.

PREVAIL is a Polynomial-Runtime EBPF Verifier using an Abstract Interpretation Layer. Prior to version 0.2.4, the abstract transformer in prevail treats writes through a T_CTX-typed base register as a silent no-op: do_mem_store in src/crab/ebpf_transformer.cpp only models T_STACK stores, and the checker's T_CTX bounds arm never tests AccessType::write. An attacker can craft an eBPF program that overwrites a context field (e.g., ctx->data), reload that field typed as T_PACKET, and dereference an attacker-controlled address — and prevail will report the program as safe. This issue has been patched in version 0.2.4.

A flaw was found in libssh versions built with OpenSSL versions older than 3.0, specifically in the ssh_kdf() function responsible for key derivation. Due to inconsistent interpretation of return values where OpenSSL uses 0 to indicate failure and libssh uses 0 for success—the function may mistakenly return a success status even when key derivation fails. This results in uninitialized cryptographic key buffers being used in subsequent communication, potentially compromising SSH sessions' confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

The xen_biovec_phys_mergeable function in drivers/xen/biomerge.c in Xen might allow local OS guest users to corrupt block device data streams and consequently obtain sensitive memory information, cause a denial of service, or gain host OS privileges by leveraging incorrect block IO merge-ability calculation.

Netty netty-tcnative before 2.0.84.Final contains a denial of service vulnerability in the tcn_write_to_bytebuffer BIO write callback that overreports bytes consumed. Remote TLS 1.3 peers can provoke queued post-handshake records like NewSessionTicket or KeyUpdate to truncate flights, fail connections, or abort the JVM process.

libheif is a HEIF and AVIF file format decoder and encoder. Prior to version 1.22.0, two bugs in libheif chain to leak process heap memory as visible pixel values in decoded grid images. An attacker who uploads a crafted AVIF/HEIC file to any server-side image processor (WordPress, Sharp/libvips, ImageMagick, etc.) can recover heap data - including library function pointers sufficient to defeat ASLR, or any other secret - from the publicly-downloadable transcoded JPEG/PNG/WebP output. Local attack vectors are also possible. Version 1.22.0 fixes the issue.

As part of Cisco's ongoing commitment to proactive security and product quality, the Cisco IOS XE Software engineering team has conducted a comprehensive internal security review. This review resulted in software hardening releases that address multiple internally discovered vulnerabilities. The vulnerabilities tracked by CVE-2026-20270 are related to incorrect calculation issues that are grouped under the Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) Pillar CWE-682.

era-compiler-solidity is the ZKsync compiler for Solidity. The problem occurred during instruction selection in the `DAGCombine` phase while visiting the XOR operation. The issue arises when attempting to fold the expression `!(x cc y)` into `(x !cc y)`. To perform this transformation, the second operand of XOR should be a constant representing the true value. However, it was incorrectly assumed that -1 represents the true value, when in fact, 1 is the correct representation, so this transformation for this case should be skipped. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.4.1.

Airbrush FW's scratch memory allocator is susceptible to numeric overflow. When the overflow occurs, the next allocation could potentially return a pointer within the previous allocation's memory, which could lead to improper memory access.Product: AndroidVersions: Android kernelAndroid ID: A-135772851

A elevation of privilege vulnerability in the Android framework. Product: Android. Versions: 4.4.4, 5.0.2, 5.1.1, 6.0, 6.0.1, 7.0, 7.1.1, 7.1.2. Android ID: A-37285689.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: rxrpc: Fix re-decryption of RESPONSE packets If a RESPONSE packet gets a temporary failure during processing, it may end up in a partially decrypted state - and then get requeued for a retry. Fix this by just discarding the packet; we will send another CHALLENGE packet and thereby elicit a further response. Similarly, discard an incoming CHALLENGE packet if we get an error whilst generating a RESPONSE; the server will send another CHALLENGE.

Due to a code bug in Secure_TSC, SEV firmware may allow an attacker with high privileges to cause a guest to observe an incorrect TSC when Secure TSC is enabled potentially resulting in a loss of guest integrity.  

A flaw was found in the Linux kernel's handling of clearing SELinux attributes on /proc/pid/attr files before 4.9.10. An empty (null) write to this file can crash the system by causing the system to attempt to access unmapped kernel memory.

An Incorrect Calculation vulnerability in the routing protocol daemon (rpd) of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos EVO allows a remote BGP EVPN neighbor to cause an rpd crash when SRv6 EVPN multihoming is configured.

The X25519 x86_64 assembly implementation fails to clear the most significant bit during the final modular reduction, so the computed result may not be fully reduced modulo the field prime 2^255 - 19. This can leave the field element in a non-canonical form, producing an incorrect result from the scalar multiplication and potentially a wrong shared secret. The final carry-propagation chains in the x64 and AVX2 reduction routines could overflow into the top bit, and the high limb was not masked afterward, so the 255-bit field element was left non-canonical.

In libyal liblnk before 20191006, liblnk_location_information_read_data in liblnk_location_information.c has a heap-based buffer over-read because an incorrect variable name is used for a certain offset. NOTE: the vendor has disputed this as described in the GitHub issue

Xen allows local OS guest users to cause a denial of service (crash) or possibly obtain sensitive information or gain privileges via vectors involving transitive grants.

As part of Cisco's ongoing commitment to proactive security and product quality, the Cisco owned Open Source Snort 3 Software engineering team has conducted a comprehensive internal security review. This review resulted in software hardening releases that address multiple internally discovered vulnerabilities. The vulnerabilities tracked by CVE-2026-20236 are related to issues concerning incorrect calculation that are grouped under the Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) Base CWE-682.

Incorrect Calculation vulnerability in RTI Connext Professional (Core Libraries) allows Abuse Existing Functionality. This issue affects Connext Professional: from 7.4.0 before 7.7.0.1, from 7.0.0 before 7.3.1.6, from 6.1.0 before 6.1.*, from 6.0.0 before 6.0.*, from 5.3.0 before 5.3.*, from 5.2.0 before 5.2.*, from 4.1x before 5.1.*.

Klever-Go is the Go implementation of the Klever blockchain protocol. Prior to 1.7.19, marketplace settlement in core/kapp/market/market.go reads MarketOrderData.ReferralPercentage from the listing while reading asset.Royalties.MarketPercentage live at purchase time. An asset owner can create a valid listing and then use AssetTrigger UpdateRoyalties to make the combined referral and royalty percentages exceed the bid. executeBuyMarket pays referral and royalty amounts unconditionally while computeMarketOwnerAmount silently skips a nonpositive seller remainder, allowing MarketBuy, BuyItNow, or auction Claim settlement to credit more KLV or sale currency than the buyer paid. This can create unbacked currency and corrupt token supply integrity. This issue is fixed in version 1.7.19.