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CWE-601

URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')

BaseDraftSimple104 CVEs
The web application accepts a user-controlled input that specifies a link to an external site, and uses that link in a redirect.

Common consequences2

  • Access ControlBypass Protection MechanismGain Privileges or Assume Identity

    The user may be redirected to an untrusted page that contains malware which may then compromise the user's system. In some cases, an open redirect can also enable the immediate download of a file without the user's permission, because the redirection to an external site may lead to endpoints on those sites that automatically trigger a download action ("drive-by download" [REF-1478]). This will expose the user to extensive risk. The user's interaction with the web server may also be compromised if the malware conducts keylogging or other attacks that steal credentials, personally identifiable information (PII), or other important data.

  • Access ControlConfidentialityOtherBypass Protection MechanismGain Privileges or Assume IdentityOther

    By modifying the URL value to a malicious site, an attacker may successfully launch a phishing scam. The user may be subjected to phishing attacks by being redirected to an untrusted page. The phishing attack may point to an attacker controlled web page that appears to be a trusted web site. The phishers may then steal the user's credentials and then use these credentials to access the legitimate web site. Because the server name in the modified link is identical to the original site, phishing attempts have a more trustworthy appearance.

Potential mitigations6

  1. Implementation

    Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does. When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue." Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright. Use a list of approved URLs or domains to be used for redirection.

  2. Architecture and Design

    Use an intermediate disclaimer page that provides the user with a clear warning that they are leaving the current site. Implement a long timeout before the redirect occurs, or force the user to click on the link. Be careful to avoid XSS problems (CWE-79) when generating the disclaimer page.

  3. Architecture and Design

    When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs. For example, ID 1 could map to "/login.asp" and ID 2 could map to "http://www.example.com/". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap [REF-45] provide this capability.

  4. Architecture and Design

    Ensure that no externally-supplied requests are honored by requiring that all redirect requests include a unique nonce generated by the application [REF-483]. Be sure that the nonce is not predictable (CWE-330).

  5. Architecture and DesignImplementation

    Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly through API calls. Many open redirect problems occur because the programmer assumed that certain inputs could not be modified, such as cookies and hidden form fields.

  6. OperationModerate

    Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].

Relationships2

CVEs referencing this CWE104

CVEDescriptionSeverityEPSSFlagsModified
CVE-2025-4123

A cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability exists in Grafana caused by combining a client path traversal and open redirect. This allows attackers to redirect users to a website that hosts a frontend plugin that will execute arbitrary JavaScript. This vulnerability does not require editor permissions and if anonymous access is enabled, the XSS will work. If the Grafana Image Renderer plugin is installed, it is possible to exploit the open redirect to achieve a full read SSRF. The default Content-Security-Policy (CSP) in Grafana will block the XSS though the `connect-src` directive.

MEDIUM6.1
95%p100
PoC
2026-05-06
CVE-2018-11784

When the default servlet in Apache Tomcat versions 9.0.0.M1 to 9.0.11, 8.5.0 to 8.5.33 and 7.0.23 to 7.0.90 returned a redirect to a directory (e.g. redirecting to '/foo/' when the user requested '/foo') a specially crafted URL could be used to cause the redirect to be generated to any URI of the attackers choice.

MEDIUM4.3
94%p100
PoC
2024-11-21
CVE-2021-22881

The Host Authorization middleware in Action Pack before 6.1.2.1, 6.0.3.5 suffers from an open redirect vulnerability. Specially crafted `Host` headers in combination with certain "allowed host" formats can cause the Host Authorization middleware in Action Pack to redirect users to a malicious website. Impacted applications will have allowed hosts with a leading dot. When an allowed host contains a leading dot, a specially crafted `Host` header can be used to redirect to a malicious website.

MEDIUM6.1
87%p100
2024-11-21
CVE-2022-45402

In Apache Airflow versions prior to 2.4.3, there was an open redirect in the webserver's `/login` endpoint.

MEDIUM6.1
80%p100
2025-04-30
CVE-2017-1000117

A malicious third-party can give a crafted "ssh://..." URL to an unsuspecting victim, and an attempt to visit the URL can result in any program that exists on the victim's machine being executed. Such a URL could be placed in the .gitmodules file of a malicious project, and an unsuspecting victim could be tricked into running "git clone --recurse-submodules" to trigger the vulnerability.

NONE
78%p100
Weaponized
2026-05-13
CVE-2019-10098

In Apache HTTP server 2.4.0 to 2.4.39, Redirects configured with mod_rewrite that were intended to be self-referential might be fooled by encoded newlines and redirect instead to an unexpected URL within the request URL.

MEDIUM6.1
74%p99
PoC
2024-11-21
CVE-2020-8143

An Open Redirect vulnerability was discovered in Revive Adserver version < 5.0.5 and reported by HackerOne user hoangn144. A remote attacker could trick logged-in users to open a specifically crafted link and have them redirected to any destination.The CSRF protection of the “/www/admin/*-modify.php” could be skipped if no meaningful parameter was sent. No action was performed, but the user was still redirected to the target page, specified via the “returnurl” GET parameter.

MEDIUM6.1
70%p99
2024-11-21
CVE-2020-10770

A flaw was found in Keycloak before 13.0.0, where it is possible to force the server to call out an unverified URL using the OIDC parameter request_uri. This flaw allows an attacker to use this parameter to execute a Server-side request forgery (SSRF) attack.

MEDIUM5.3
70%p99
PoC
2024-11-21
CVE-2021-22873

Revive Adserver before 5.1.0 is vulnerable to open redirects via the `dest`, `oadest`, and/or `ct0` parameters of the lg.php and ck.php delivery scripts. Such open redirects had previously been available by design to allow third party ad servers to track such metrics when delivering ads. However, third party click tracking via redirects is not a viable option anymore, leading to such open redirect functionality being removed and reclassified as a vulnerability.

MEDIUM6.1
66%p99
PoC
2024-11-21
CVE-2021-28125

Apache Superset up to and including 1.0.1 allowed for the creation of an external URL that could be malicious. By not checking user input for open redirects the URL shortener functionality would allow for a malicious user to create a short URL for a dashboard that could convince the user to click the link.

MEDIUM6.1
64%p99
2024-11-21
CVE-2020-1927

In Apache HTTP Server 2.4.0 to 2.4.41, redirects configured with mod_rewrite that were intended to be self-referential might be fooled by encoded newlines and redirect instead to an an unexpected URL within the request URL.

MEDIUM6.1
61%p99
2024-11-21
CVE-2023-32068

XWiki Platform is a generic wiki platform offering runtime services for applications built on top of it. In versions prior to 14.10.4 it's possible to exploit well known parameters in XWiki URLs to perform redirection to untrusted site. This vulnerability was partially fixed in the past for XWiki 12.10.7 and 13.3RC1 but there is still the possibility to force specific URLs to skip some checks, e.g. using URLs like `http:example.com` in the parameter would allow the redirect. The issue has now been patched against all patterns that are known for performing redirects. This issue has been patched in XWiki 14.10.4 and 15.0. Users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability.

MEDIUM6.1
55%p99
2025-01-22
CVE-2022-1058

Open Redirect on login in GitHub repository go-gitea/gitea prior to 1.16.5.

MEDIUM6.1
53%p99
2024-11-21
CVE-2016-5385

PHP through 7.0.8 does not attempt to address RFC 3875 section 4.1.18 namespace conflicts and therefore does not protect applications from the presence of untrusted client data in the HTTP_PROXY environment variable, which might allow remote attackers to redirect an application's outbound HTTP traffic to an arbitrary proxy server via a crafted Proxy header in an HTTP request, as demonstrated by (1) an application that makes a getenv('HTTP_PROXY') call or (2) a CGI configuration of PHP, aka an "httpoxy" issue.

HIGH8.1
50%p99
2026-05-06
CVE-2008-1547

Open redirect vulnerability in exchweb/bin/redir.asp in Microsoft Outlook Web Access (OWA) for Exchange Server 2003 SP2 (aka build 6.5.7638) allows remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks via a URL in the URL parameter.

NONE
46%p99
Functional
2026-04-23
CVE-2025-6023

An open redirect vulnerability has been identified in Grafana OSS that can be exploited to achieve XSS attacks. The vulnerability was introduced in Grafana v11.5.0. The open redirect can be chained with path traversal vulnerabilities to achieve XSS. Fixed in versions 12.0.2+security-01, 11.6.3+security-01, 11.5.6+security-01, 11.4.6+security-01 and 11.3.8+security-01

HIGH7.6
36%p98
2026-04-15
CVE-2023-5375

Open Redirect in GitHub repository mosparo/mosparo prior to 1.0.2.

MEDIUM6.1
34%p98
2024-11-21
CVE-2023-33405

Blogengine.net 3.3.8.0 and earlier is vulnerable to Open Redirect.

MEDIUM6.1
31%p98
PoC
2024-12-06
CVE-2024-5936

An open redirect vulnerability exists in imartinez/privategpt version 0.5.0 due to improper handling of the 'file' parameter. This vulnerability allows attackers to redirect users to a URL specified by user-controlled input without proper validation or sanitization. The impact of this vulnerability includes potential phishing attacks, malware distribution, and credential theft.

MEDIUM6.1
29%p98
2025-07-17
CVE-2021-31252

An open redirect vulnerability exists in BF-630, BF-450M, BF-430, BF-431, BF631-W, BF830-W, Webpass, and SEMAC devices from CHIYU Technology that can be exploited by sending a link that has a specially crafted URL to convince the user to click on it.

MEDIUM6.1
29%p98
2024-11-21
CVE-2021-3654

A vulnerability was found in openstack-nova's console proxy, noVNC. By crafting a malicious URL, noVNC could be made to redirect to any desired URL.

MEDIUM6.1
27%p98
2024-11-21
CVE-2023-6389

The WordPress Toolbar WordPress plugin through 2.2.6 redirects to any URL via the "wptbto" parameter. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to redirect users to potentially malicious sites if they can successfully trick them into performing an action.

MEDIUM6.1
26%p98
2025-06-20
CVE-2005-0420

Microsoft Outlook Web Access (OWA), when used with Exchange, allows remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary URLs for login via a link to the owalogon.asp application.

NONE
26%p98
Functional
2026-04-16
CVE-2018-14574

django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware in Django 1.11.x before 1.11.15 and 2.0.x before 2.0.8 has an Open Redirect.

MEDIUM6.1
25%p98
2024-11-21
CVE-2021-29622

Prometheus is an open-source monitoring system and time series database. In 2.23.0, Prometheus changed its default UI to the New ui. To ensure a seamless transition, the URL's prefixed by /new redirect to /. Due to a bug in the code, it is possible for an attacker to craft an URL that can redirect to any other URL, in the /new endpoint. If a user visits a prometheus server with a specially crafted address, they can be redirected to an arbitrary URL. The issue was patched in the 2.26.1 and 2.27.1 releases. In 2.28.0, the /new endpoint will be removed completely. The workaround is to disable access to /new via a reverse proxy in front of Prometheus.

MEDIUM6.1
20%p97
2025-06-24
CVE-2021-46379

DLink DIR850 ET850-1.08TRb03 is affected by an incorrect access control vulnerability through URL redirection to untrusted site.

MEDIUM6.1
16%p96
PoC
2024-11-21
CVE-2019-3778

Spring Security OAuth, versions 2.3 prior to 2.3.5, and 2.2 prior to 2.2.4, and 2.1 prior to 2.1.4, and 2.0 prior to 2.0.17, and older unsupported versions could be susceptible to an open redirector attack that can leak an authorization code. A malicious user or attacker can craft a request to the authorization endpoint using the authorization code grant type, and specify a manipulated redirection URI via the "redirect_uri" parameter. This can cause the authorization server to redirect the resource owner user-agent to a URI under the control of the attacker with the leaked authorization code. This vulnerability exposes applications that meet all of the following requirements: Act in the role of an Authorization Server (e.g. @EnableAuthorizationServer) and uses the DefaultRedirectResolver in the AuthorizationEndpoint. This vulnerability does not expose applications that: Act in the role of an Authorization Server and uses a different RedirectResolver implementation other than DefaultRedirectResolver, act in the role of a Resource Server only (e.g. @EnableResourceServer), act in the role of a Client only (e.g. @EnableOAuthClient).

MEDIUM6.5
16%p96
PoC
2024-11-21
CVE-2017-3528

Vulnerability in the Oracle Applications Framework component of Oracle E-Business Suite (subcomponent: Popup windows (lists of values, datepicker, etc.)). Supported versions that are affected are 12.1.3, 12.2.3, 12.2.4, 12.2.5 and 12.2.6. Easily "exploitable" vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Applications Framework. Successful attacks require human interaction from a person other than the attacker and while the vulnerability is in Oracle Applications Framework, attacks may significantly impact additional products. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Oracle Applications Framework accessible data. CVSS 3.0 Base Score 4.7 (Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:N).

NONE
15%p96
Functional
2026-05-13
CVE-2020-22840

Open redirect vulnerability in b2evolution CMS version prior to 6.11.6 allows an attacker to perform malicious open redirects to an attacker controlled resource via redirect_to parameter in email_passthrough.php.

MEDIUM6.1
14%p96
2024-11-21
CVE-2021-20031

A Host Header Redirection vulnerability in SonicOS potentially allows a remote attacker to redirect firewall management users to arbitrary web domains.

MEDIUM6.1
13%p96
PoC
2024-11-21
CVE-2019-0540

A security feature bypass vulnerability exists when Microsoft Office does not validate URLs.An attacker could send a victim a specially crafted file, which could trick the victim into entering credentials, aka 'Microsoft Office Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability'.

NONE
13%p96
2024-11-21
CVE-2015-5354

Open redirect vulnerability in Novius OS 5.0.1 (Elche) allows remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks via a URL in the redirect parameter to admin/nos/login.

NONE
13%p96
PoC
2026-05-06
CVE-2021-41826

PlaceOS Authentication Service before 1.29.10.0 allows app/controllers/auth/sessions_controller.rb open redirect.

MEDIUM6.1
12%p96
2024-11-21
CVE-2020-11529

Common/Grav.php in Grav before 1.7 has an Open Redirect. This is partially fixed in 1.6.23 and still present in 1.6.x.

MEDIUM6.1
11%p95
2024-11-21
CVE-2025-3155

A flaw was found in Yelp. The Gnome user help application allows the help document to execute arbitrary scripts. This vulnerability allows malicious users to input help documents, which may exfiltrate user files to an external environment.

HIGH7.4
10%p95
2025-11-11
CVE-2019-1943

A vulnerability in the web interface of Cisco Small Business 200, 300, and 500 Series Switches software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to redirect a user to a malicious web page. The vulnerability is due to improper input validation of the parameters of an HTTP request. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by intercepting a user's HTTP request and modifying it into a request that causes the web interface to redirect the user to a specific malicious URL. This type of vulnerability is known as an open redirect attack and is used in phishing attacks that get users to unknowingly visit malicious sites.

NONE
10%p95
PoC
2024-11-21
CVE-2017-11879

ASP.NET Core 2.0 allows an attacker to steal log-in session information such as cookies or authentication tokens via a specially crafted URL aka "ASP.NET Core Elevation Of Privilege Vulnerability".

HIGH8.8
9.40%p95
2026-05-13
CVE-2013-2621

Open Redirection Vulnerability in the redir.php script in Telaen before 1.3.1 allows remote attackers to redirect victims to arbitrary websites via a crafted URL.

MEDIUM6.1
9.24%p95
Functional
2024-11-21
CVE-2019-7275

Optergy Proton/Enterprise devices allow Open Redirect.

MEDIUM6.1
9.09%p95
2024-11-21
CVE-2019-11269

Spring Security OAuth versions 2.3 prior to 2.3.6, 2.2 prior to 2.2.5, 2.1 prior to 2.1.5, and 2.0 prior to 2.0.18, as well as older unsupported versions could be susceptible to an open redirector attack that can leak an authorization code. A malicious user or attacker can craft a request to the authorization endpoint using the authorization code grant type, and specify a manipulated redirection URI via the redirect_uri parameter. This can cause the authorization server to redirect the resource owner user-agent to a URI under the control of the attacker with the leaked authorization code.

MEDIUM5.4
8.91%p95
PoC
2024-11-21
CVE-2021-21337

Products.PluggableAuthService is a pluggable Zope authentication and authorization framework. In Products.PluggableAuthService before version 2.6.0 there is an open redirect vulnerability. A maliciously crafted link to the login form and login functionality could redirect the browser to a different website. The problem has been fixed in version 2.6.1. Depending on how you have installed Products.PluggableAuthService, you should change the buildout version pin to `2.6.1` and re-run the buildout, or if you used `pip` simply do `pip install "Products.PluggableAuthService>=2.6.1".

MEDIUM6.1
8.44%p94
PoC
2024-11-21
CVE-2022-1702

SonicWall SMA1000 series firmware 12.4.0, 12.4.1-02965 and earlier versions accept a user-controlled input that specifies a link to an external site and uses that link in a redirect which leads to Open redirection vulnerability.

MEDIUM6.1
8.41%p94
2024-11-21
CVE-2020-15129

In Traefik before versions 1.7.26, 2.2.8, and 2.3.0-rc3, there exists a potential open redirect vulnerability in Traefik's handling of the "X-Forwarded-Prefix" header. The Traefik API dashboard component doesn't validate that the value of the header "X-Forwarded-Prefix" is a site relative path and will redirect to any header provided URI. Successful exploitation of an open redirect can be used to entice victims to disclose sensitive information. Active Exploitation of this issue is unlikely as it would require active header injection, however the Traefik team addressed this issue nonetheless to prevent abuse in e.g. cache poisoning scenarios.

MEDIUM4.7
8.21%p94
2024-11-21
CVE-2018-0924

Microsoft Exchange Server 2010 Service Pack 3 Update Rollup 20, Microsoft Exchange Server 2013 Cumulative Update 18, Microsoft Exchange Server 2013 Cumulative Update 19, Microsoft Exchange Server 2013 Service Pack 1, Microsoft Exchange Server 2016 Cumulative Update 7, and Microsoft Exchange Server 2016 Cumulative Update 8 allow an information disclosure vulnerability due to how URL redirects are handled, aka "Microsoft Exchange Information Disclosure Vulnerability". This CVE is unique from CVE-2018-0941.

NONE
8.12%p94
2024-11-21
CVE-2014-9617

Open redirect vulnerability in remotereporter/load_logfiles.php in Netsweeper before 4.0.5 allows remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks via a URL in the url parameter.

MEDIUM6.1
8.01%p94
2024-11-21
CVE-2020-11034

In GLPI before version 9.4.6, there is a vulnerability that allows bypassing the open redirect protection based which is based on a regexp. This is fixed in version 9.4.6.

MEDIUM6.1
7.61%p94
2024-11-21
CVE-2015-4668

Open redirect vulnerability in Xsuite 2.4.4.5 and earlier allows remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks via a URL in the redirurl parameter.

NONE
6.72%p93
PoC
2026-05-13
CVE-2025-0244

When redirecting to an invalid protocol scheme, an attacker could spoof the address bar. *Note: This issue only affected Android operating systems. Other operating systems are unaffected.*. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 134.

MEDIUM5.3
6.60%p93
2026-04-13
CVE-2020-8559

The Kubernetes kube-apiserver in versions v1.6-v1.15, and versions prior to v1.16.13, v1.17.9 and v1.18.6 are vulnerable to an unvalidated redirect on proxied upgrade requests that could allow an attacker to escalate privileges from a node compromise to a full cluster compromise.

MEDIUM6.8
6.10%p93
PoC
2024-11-21
CVE-2015-3898

Multiple open redirect vulnerabilities in Bonita BPM Portal before 6.5.3 allow remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks via vectors involving the redirectUrl parameter to (1) bonita/login.jsp or (2) bonita/loginservice.

NONE
6.07%p92
Functional
2024-11-21
CVE-2021-37352

An open redirect vulnerability exists in Nagios XI before version 5.8.5 that could lead to spoofing. To exploit the vulnerability, an attacker could send a link that has a specially crafted URL and convince the user to click the link.

MEDIUM6.1
6.05%p92
2024-11-21
CVE-2023-41080

URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect') vulnerability in FORM authentication feature Apache Tomcat.This issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.0-M10, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.0.12, from 9.0.0-M1 through 9.0.79 and from 8.5.0 through 8.5.92. Older, EOL versions may also be affected. The vulnerability is limited to the ROOT (default) web application.

MEDIUM6.1
5.97%p92
PoC
2026-06-05
CVE-2024-8897

Under certain conditions, an attacker with the ability to redirect users to a malicious site via an open redirect on a trusted site, may be able to spoof the address bar contents. This can lead to a malicious site to appear to have the same URL as the trusted site. *This bug only affects Firefox for Android. Other versions of Firefox are unaffected.* This vulnerability affects Firefox for Android < 130.0.1.

MEDIUM6.1
5.82%p92
2025-03-19
CVE-2022-23102

A vulnerability has been identified in SINEMA Remote Connect Server (All versions < V2.0). Affected products contain an open redirect vulnerability. An attacker could trick a valid authenticated user to the device into clicking a malicious link there by leading to phishing attacks.

MEDIUM6.1
5.27%p91
2024-11-21
CVE-2020-25901

Host Header Injection in Spiceworks 7.5.7.0 allowing the attacker to render arbitrary links that point to a malicious website with poisoned Host header webpages.

MEDIUM6.1
5.08%p91
PoC
2024-11-21
CVE-2019-6780

The Wise Chat plugin before 2.7 for WordPress mishandles external links because rendering/filters/post/WiseChatLinksPostFilter.php omits noopener and noreferrer.

NONE
4.92%p91
PoC
2024-11-21
CVE-2019-3912

An open redirect vulnerability in LabKey Server Community Edition before 18.3.0-61806.763 via the /__r1/ returnURL parameter allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to redirect users to arbitrary web sites.

MEDIUM6.1
4.83%p91
2024-11-21
CVE-2020-24550

An Open Redirect vulnerability in EpiServer Find before 13.2.7 allows an attacker to redirect users to untrusted websites via the _t_redirect parameter in a crafted URL, such as a /find_v2/_click URL.

MEDIUM6.1
4.74%p91
2024-11-21
CVE-2012-0518

Unspecified vulnerability in the Oracle Application Server Single Sign-On component in Oracle Fusion Middleware 10.1.4.3.0 allows remote attackers to affect integrity via unknown vectors related to Redirects, a different vulnerability than CVE-2012-3175.

MEDIUM4.7
4.66%p91
KEV
2026-04-22
CVE-2016-1000110

The CGIHandler class in Python before 2.7.12 does not protect against the HTTP_PROXY variable name clash in a CGI script, which could allow a remote attacker to redirect HTTP requests.

MEDIUM6.1
4.56%p90
2024-11-21
CVE-2019-14223

An issue was discovered in Alfresco Community Edition versions below 5.2.6, 6.0.N and 6.1.N. The Alfresco Share application is vulnerable to an Open Redirect attack via a crafted POST request. By manipulating the POST parameters, an attacker can redirect a victim to a malicious website over any protocol the attacker desires (e.g.,http, https, ftp, smb, etc.).

MEDIUM6.1
4.51%p90
PoC
2024-11-21
CVE-2021-38000

Insufficient validation of untrusted input in Intents in Google Chrome on Android prior to 95.0.4638.69 allowed a remote attacker to arbitrarily browser to a malicious URL via a crafted HTML page.

MEDIUM6.1
4.49%p90
KEV
2025-10-24
CVE-2017-3085

Adobe Flash Player versions 26.0.0.137 and earlier have a security bypass vulnerability that leads to information disclosure when performing URL redirect.

HIGH7.4
4.48%p90
2026-05-13
CVE-2022-0165

The Page Builder KingComposer WordPress plugin through 2.9.6 does not validate the id parameter before redirecting the user to it via the kc_get_thumbn AJAX action available to both unauthenticated and authenticated users

MEDIUM6.1
4.28%p90
PoC
2024-11-21
CVE-2021-44528

A open redirect vulnerability exists in Action Pack >= 6.0.0 that could allow an attacker to craft a "X-Forwarded-Host" headers in combination with certain "allowed host" formats can cause the Host Authorization middleware in Action Pack to redirect users to a malicious website.

MEDIUM6.1
4.18%p90
2024-11-21
CVE-2015-5210

Open redirect vulnerability in Apache Ambari before 2.1.2 allows remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks via a URL in the targetURI parameter.

NONE
4.12%p89
2026-05-06
CVE-2019-1010290

Babel: Multilingual site Babel All is affected by: Open Redirection. The impact is: Redirection to any URL, which is supplied to redirect.php in a "newurl" parameter. The component is: redirect.php. The attack vector is: The victim must open a link created by an attacker. Attacker may use any legitimate site using Babel to redirect user to a URL of his/her choosing.

NONE
4.06%p89
2024-11-21
CVE-2018-1000671

sympa version 6.2.16 and later contains a CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect') vulnerability in The "referer" parameter of the wwsympa.fcgi login action. that can result in Open redirection and reflected XSS via data URIs. This attack appear to be exploitable via Victim's browser must follow a URL supplied by the attacker. This vulnerability appears to have been fixed in none available.

NONE
3.98%p89
2024-11-21
CVE-2024-22243

Applications that use UriComponentsBuilder to parse an externally provided URL (e.g. through a query parameter) AND perform validation checks on the host of the parsed URL may be vulnerable to a open redirect https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/601.html  attack or to a SSRF attack if the URL is used after passing validation checks.

HIGH8.1
3.97%p89
PoC
2026-04-15
CVE-2018-3774

Incorrect parsing in url-parse <1.4.3 returns wrong hostname which leads to multiple vulnerabilities such as SSRF, Open Redirect, Bypass Authentication Protocol.

CRITICAL10.0
3.81%p89
2026-01-23
CVE-2019-9915

GetSimpleCMS 3.3.13 has an Open Redirect via the admin/index.php redirect parameter.

NONE
3.63%p88
2024-11-21
CVE-2025-6197

An open redirect vulnerability has been identified in Grafana OSS organization switching functionality. Prerequisites for exploitation: - Multiple organizations must exist in the Grafana instance - Victim must be on a different organization than the one specified in the URL

MEDIUM4.2
3.62%p88
2026-04-15
CVE-2018-17422

dotCMS before 5.0.2 has open redirects via the html/common/forward_js.jsp FORWARD_URL parameter or the html/portlet/ext/common/page_preview_popup.jsp hostname parameter.

NONE
3.59%p88
2024-11-21
CVE-2023-24892

Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) Webview2 Spoofing Vulnerability

HIGH8.2
3.53%p88
PoC
2025-02-28
CVE-2020-13121

Submitty through 20.04.01 has an open redirect via authentication/login?old= during an invalid login attempt.

MEDIUM6.1
3.52%p88
2024-11-21
CVE-2021-39501

EyouCMS 1.5.4 is vulnerable to Open Redirect. An attacker can redirect a user to a malicious url via the Logout function.

MEDIUM6.1
3.41%p87
2024-11-21
CVE-2017-12138

XOOPS Core 2.5.8 has a stored URL redirect bypass vulnerability in /modules/profile/index.php because of the URL filter.

NONE
3.41%p87
2026-05-13
CVE-2018-10100

Before WordPress 4.9.5, the redirection URL for the login page was not validated or sanitized if forced to use HTTPS.

NONE
3.40%p87
2024-11-21
CVE-2018-8813

Open redirect vulnerability in the login[redirect] parameter login functionality in WolfCMS 0.8.3.1 allows remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks via a malformed URL.

NONE
3.40%p87
PoC
2024-11-21
CVE-2018-6200

vBulletin 3.x.x and 4.2.x through 4.2.5 has an open redirect via the redirector.php url parameter.

NONE
3.40%p87
2024-11-21
CVE-2022-0692

Open Redirect on Rudloff/alltube in Packagist rudloff/alltube prior to 3.0.1.

MEDIUM6.1
3.38%p87
2024-11-21
CVE-2021-24406

The wpForo Forum WordPress plugin before 1.9.7 did not validate the redirect_to parameter in the login form of the forum, leading to an open redirect issue after a successful login. Such issue could allow an attacker to induce a user to use a login URL redirecting to a website under their control and being a replica of the legitimate one, asking them to re-enter their credentials (which will then in the attacker hands)

MEDIUM6.1
3.38%p87
2024-11-21
CVE-2022-29272

In Nagios XI through 5.8.5, an open redirect vulnerability exists in the login function that could lead to spoofing.

MEDIUM6.1
3.35%p87
2024-11-21
CVE-2019-14830

A vulnerability was found in Moodle 3.7 to 3.7.1, 3.6 to 3.6.5, 3.5 to 3.5.7 and earlier unsupported versions, where the mobile launch endpoint contained an open redirect in some circumstances, which could result in a user's mobile access token being exposed. (Note: This does not affect sites with a forced URL scheme configured, mobile service disabled, or where the mobile app login method is "via the app").

MEDIUM6.1
3.32%p87
PoC
2024-11-21
CVE-2021-32618

The Python "Flask-Security-Too" package is used for adding security features to your Flask application. It is an is an independently maintained version of Flask-Security based on the 3.0.0 version of Flask-Security. All versions of Flask-Security-Too allow redirects after many successful views (e.g. /login) by honoring the ?next query param. There is code in FS to validate that the url specified in the next parameter is either relative OR has the same netloc (network location) as the requesting URL. This check utilizes Pythons urlsplit library. However many browsers are very lenient on the kind of URL they accept and 'fill in the blanks' when presented with a possibly incomplete URL. As a concrete example - setting http://login?next=\\\github.com will pass FS's relative URL check however many browsers will gladly convert this to http://github.com. Thus an attacker could send such a link to an unwitting user, using a legitimate site and have it redirect to whatever site they want. This is considered a low severity due to the fact that if Werkzeug is used (which is very common with Flask applications) as the WSGI layer, it by default ALWAYS ensures that the Location header is absolute - thus making this attack vector mute. It is possible for application writers to modify this default behavior by setting the 'autocorrect_location_header=False`.

MEDIUM6.1
3.29%p87
2024-11-21
CVE-2018-10101

Before WordPress 4.9.5, the URL validator assumed URLs with the hostname localhost were on the same host as the WordPress server.

NONE
3.26%p87
2024-11-21
CVE-2019-6741

This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on vulnerable installations of Samsung Galaxy S9 prior to January 2019 Security Update (SMR-JAN-2019 - SVE-2018-13467). User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must connect to a wireless network. The specific flaw exists within the captive portal. By manipulating HTML, an attacker can force a page redirection. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-7476.

CRITICAL9.3
3.23%p87
2024-11-21
CVE-2026-25732

NiceGUI is a Python-based UI framework. Prior to 3.7.0, NiceGUI's FileUpload.name property exposes client-supplied filename metadata without sanitization, enabling path traversal when developers use the pattern UPLOAD_DIR / file.name. Malicious filenames containing ../ sequences allow attackers to write files outside intended directories, with potential for remote code execution through application file overwrites in vulnerable deployment patterns. This design creates a prevalent security footgun affecting applications following common community patterns. Note: Exploitation requires application code incorporating file.name into filesystem paths without sanitization. Applications using fixed paths, generated filenames, or explicit sanitization are not affected. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.7.0.

HIGH7.5
3.21%p87
PoC
2026-06-06
CVE-2017-8621

Microsoft Exchange Server 2010 SP3, Exchange Server 2013 SP3, Exchange Server 2013 CU16, and Exchange Server 2016 CU5 allows an open redirect vulnerability that could lead to spoofing, aka "Microsoft Exchange Open Redirect Vulnerability".

NONE
3.17%p86
2026-05-13
CVE-2021-24210

There is an open redirect in the PhastPress WordPress plugin before 1.111 that allows an attacker to malform a request to a page with the plugin and then redirect the victim to a malicious page. There is also a support comment from another user one year ago (https://wordpress.org/support/topic/phast-php-used-for-remote-fetch/) that says that the php involved in the request only go to whitelisted pages but it's possible to redirect the victim to any domain.

MEDIUM6.1
3.07%p86
2024-11-21
CVE-2013-4390

Open redirect vulnerability in the AbstractAuthenticationFormServlet in the Auth Core (org.apache.sling.auth.core) bundle before 1.1.4 in Apache Sling allows remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks via a URL in the resource parameter, related to "a custom login form and XSS."

MEDIUM4.7
3.06%p86
2026-04-29
CVE-2022-0597

Open Redirect in Packagist microweber/microweber prior to 1.2.11.

MEDIUM6.1
3.03%p86
2024-11-21
CVE-2019-10955

In Rockwell Automation MicroLogix 1400 Controllers Series A, All Versions Series B, v15.002 and earlier, MicroLogix 1100 Controllers v14.00 and earlier, CompactLogix 5370 L1 controllers v30.014 and earlier, CompactLogix 5370 L2 controllers v30.014 and earlier, CompactLogix 5370 L3 controllers (includes CompactLogix GuardLogix controllers) v30.014 and earlier, an open redirect vulnerability could allow a remote unauthenticated attacker to input a malicious link to redirect users to a malicious site that could run or download arbitrary malware on the user’s machine.

MEDIUM6.1
3.02%p86
2026-06-03
CVE-2017-14524

Multiple open redirect vulnerabilities in OpenText Documentum Administrator 7.2.0180.0055 allow remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks via a (1) URL in the startat parameter to xda/help/en/default.htm or (2) /%09/ (slash encoded horizontal tab slash) followed by a domain in the redirectUrl parameter to xda/component/virtuallinkconnect.

NONE
2.94%p85
2026-05-13
CVE-2017-3105

Adobe RoboHelp has an Open Redirect vulnerability. This affects versions before RH12.0.4.460 and RH2017 before RH2017.0.2.

NONE
2.89%p85
2026-05-13
CVE-2016-10742

Zabbix before 2.2.21rc1, 3.x before 3.0.13rc1, 3.1.x and 3.2.x before 3.2.10rc1, and 3.3.x and 3.4.x before 3.4.4rc1 allows open redirect via the request parameter.

NONE
2.87%p85
2024-11-21
CVE-2005-1475

The XMLHttpRequest object in Opera 8.0 Final Build 1095 allows remote attackers to bypass access restrictions and perform unauthorized actions on other domains via a redirect.

NONE
2.80%p85
2026-04-16
CVE-2004-2260

Opera Browser 7.23, and other versions before 7.50, updates the address bar as soon as the user clicks a link, which allows remote attackers to redirect to other sites via the onUnload attribute.

NONE
2.76%p84
2026-04-16
CVE-2018-12300

Arbitrary Redirect in echo-server.html in Seagate NAS OS version 4.3.15.1 allows attackers to disclose information in the Referer header via the 'state' URL parameter.

NONE
2.70%p84
2024-11-21
CVE-2020-18268

Open Redirect in Z-BlogPHP v1.5.2 and earlier allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information via the "redirect" parameter in the component "zb_system/cmd.php."

MEDIUM6.1
2.69%p84
2024-11-21
CVE-2020-23015

An open redirect issue was discovered in OPNsense through 20.1.5. The redirect parameter "url" in login page was not filtered and can redirect user to any website.

MEDIUM6.1
2.69%p84
2024-11-21
CVE-2021-25033

The WordPress Newsletter Plugin WordPress plugin before 1.6.5 does not validate the to parameter before redirecting the user to its given value, leading to an open redirect issue

MEDIUM6.1
2.68%p84
2024-11-21
CVE-2017-5871

Odoo Version <= 8.0-20160726 and Version 9 is affected by: CWE-601: Open redirection. The impact is: obtain sensitive information (remote).

NONE
2.68%p84
2024-11-21
CVE-2019-1075

A spoofing vulnerability exists in ASP.NET Core that could lead to an open redirect, aka 'ASP.NET Core Spoofing Vulnerability'.

MEDIUM6.1
2.64%p84
2024-11-21