CWE-406
Insufficient Control of Network Message Volume (Network Amplification)
Extended description
In the absence of a policy to restrict asymmetric resource consumption, the application or system cannot distinguish between legitimate transmissions and traffic intended to serve as an amplifying attack on target systems. Systems can often be configured to restrict the amount of traffic sent out on behalf of a client, based on the client's origin or access level. This is usually defined in a resource allocation policy. In the absence of a mechanism to keep track of transmissions, the system or application can be easily abused to transmit asymmetrically greater traffic than the request or client should be permitted to.
Common consequences1
- AvailabilityDoS: AmplificationDoS: Crash, Exit, or RestartDoS: Resource Consumption (CPU)DoS: Resource Consumption (Memory)DoS: Resource Consumption (Other)
System resources can be quickly consumed leading to poor application performance or system crash. This may affect network performance and could be used to attack other systems and applications relying on network performance.
Potential mitigations3
- Architecture and Design
An application must make network resources available to a client commensurate with the client's access level.
- Policy
Define a clear policy for network resource allocation and consumption.
- Implementation
An application must, at all times, keep track of network resources and meter their usage appropriately.
Relationships1
- ChildOfCWE-405
CVEs referencing this CWE17
| CVE | Description | Severity | EPSS | Flags | Modified |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVE-2021-38425 | eProsima Fast DDS versions prior to 2.4.0 (#2269) are susceptible to exploitation when an attacker sends a specially crafted packet to flood a target device with unwanted traffic, which may result in a denial-of-service condition and information exposure. | CRITICAL9.1 | 4.91%p91 | 2025-04-16 | |
| CVE-2020-2100 | Jenkins 2.218 and earlier, LTS 2.204.1 and earlier was vulnerable to a UDP amplification reflection denial of service attack on port 33848. | MEDIUM5.8 | 3.44%p87 | 2024-11-21 | |
| CVE-2021-38487 | RTI Connext Professional versions 4.1 to 6.1.0, and Connext Micro versions 2.4 and later are vulnerable when an attacker sends a specially crafted packet to flood target devices with unwanted traffic. This may result in a denial-of-service condition and information exposure. | CRITICAL9.1 | 3.17%p86 | 2025-06-23 | |
| CVE-2021-43547 | TwinOaks Computing CoreDX DDS versions prior to 5.9.1 are susceptible to exploitation when an attacker sends a specially crafted packet to flood target devices with unwanted traffic. This may result in a denial-of-service condition and information exposure. | HIGH8.2 | 2.37%p82 | 2025-04-16 | |
| CVE-2022-0028 | A PAN-OS URL filtering policy misconfiguration could allow a network-based attacker to conduct reflected and amplified TCP denial-of-service (RDoS) attacks. The DoS attack would appear to originate from a Palo Alto Networks PA-Series (hardware), VM-Series (virtual) and CN-Series (container) firewall against an attacker-specified target. To be misused by an external attacker, the firewall configuration must have a URL filtering profile with one or more blocked categories assigned to a source zone that has an external facing interface. This configuration is not typical for URL filtering and, if set, is likely unintended by the administrator. If exploited, this issue would not impact the confidentiality, integrity, or availability of our products. However, the resulting denial-of-service (DoS) attack may help obfuscate the identity of the attacker and implicate the firewall as the source of the attack. We have taken prompt action to address this issue in our PAN-OS software. All software updates for this issue are expected to be released no later than the week of August 15, 2022. This issue does not impact Panorama M-Series or Panorama virtual appliances. This issue has been resolved for all Cloud NGFW and Prisma Access customers and no additional action is required from them. | HIGH8.6 | 2.03%p78 | KEV | 2025-11-04 |
| CVE-2019-14850 | A denial of service vulnerability was discovered in nbdkit 1.12.7, 1.14.1 and 1.15.1. An attacker could connect to the nbdkit service and cause it to perform a large amount of work in initializing backend plugins, by simply opening a connection to the service. This vulnerability could cause resource consumption and degradation of service in nbdkit, depending on the plugins configured on the server-side. | LOW3.7 | 1.60%p73 | 2024-11-21 | |
| CVE-2021-38429 | OCI OpenDDS versions prior to 3.18.1 are vulnerable when an attacker sends a specially crafted packet to flood target devices with unwanted traffic, which may result in a denial-of-service condition and information exposure. | CRITICAL9.1 | 1.38%p68 | 2025-04-16 | |
| CVE-2020-10772 | An incomplete fix for CVE-2020-12662 was shipped for Unbound in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7, as part of erratum RHSA-2020:2414. Vulnerable versions of Unbound could still amplify an incoming query into a large number of queries directed to a target, even with a lower amplification ratio compared to versions of Unbound that shipped before the mentioned erratum. This issue is about the incomplete fix for CVE-2020-12662, and it does not affect upstream versions of Unbound. | HIGH7.5 | 1.33%p67 | 2024-11-21 | |
| CVE-2024-25015 | IBM MQ 9.2 LTS, 9.3 LTS, and 9.3 CD Internet Pass-Thru could allow a remote user to cause a denial of service by sending HTTP requests that would consume all available resources. IBM X-Force ID: 281278. | HIGH7.5 | 0.93%p56 | 2025-08-21 | |
| CVE-2021-4234 | OpenVPN Access Server 2.10 and prior versions are susceptible to resending multiple packets in a response to a reset packet sent from the client which the client again does not respond to, resulting in a limited amplification attack. | HIGH7.5 | 0.76%p51 | 2024-11-21 | |
| CVE-2023-49203 | Technitium 11.5.3 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (bandwidth amplification) because the DNSBomb manipulation causes accumulation of low-rate DNS queries such that there is a large-sized response in a burst of traffic. | HIGH7.5 | 0.62%p45 | 2025-07-10 | |
| CVE-2023-28456 | An issue was discovered in Technitium through 11.0.2. It enables attackers to launch amplification attacks (3 times more than other "golden model" software like BIND) and cause potential DoS. | HIGH7.5 | 0.52%p40 | 2025-04-22 | |
| CVE-2023-28455 | An issue was discovered in Technitium through 11.0.2. The forwarding mode enables attackers to create a query loop using Technitium resolvers, launching amplification attacks and causing potential DoS. | HIGH7.5 | 0.51%p39 | 2025-04-22 | |
| CVE-2021-38135 | Possible External Service Interaction attack in iManager has been discovered in OpenText™ iManager 3.2.6.0000. | CRITICAL9.8 | 0.44%p35 | 2025-03-04 | |
| CVE-2014-125036 | A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, has been found in drybjed ansible-ntp. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file meta/main.yml. The manipulation leads to insufficient control of network message volume. The attack can only be done within the local network. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitation is known to be difficult. The patch is identified as ed4ca2cf012677973c220cdba36b5c60bfa0260b. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. VDB-217190 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability. | MEDIUM4.3 | 0.40%p32 | 2024-11-21 | |
| CVE-2026-45557 | Technitium DNS Server aggressively tries to fetch missing RRSIG records or mismatched DNSKEY records. An attacker in control of a domain can cause a vulnerable system to generate excessive network traffic. Fixed in 15.0. | MEDIUM5.8 | 0.39%p31 | 2026-05-19 | |
| CVE-2025-58066 | nptd-rs is a tool for synchronizing your computer's clock, implementing the NTP and NTS protocols. In versions between 1.2.0 and 1.6.1 inclusive servers which allow non-NTS traffic are affected by a denial of service vulnerability, where an attacker can induce a message storm between two NTP servers running ntpd-rs. Client-only configurations are not affected. Affected users are recommended to upgrade to version 1.6.2 as soon as possible. | MEDIUM5.3 | 0.31%p23 | 2026-04-15 |