CWE-321

Apache Shiro before 1.2.5, when a cipher key has not been configured for the "remember me" feature, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or bypass intended access restrictions via an unspecified request parameter.

Gladinet CentreStack through 16.1.10296.56315 (fixed in 16.4.10315.56368) has a deserialization vulnerability due to the CentreStack portal's hardcoded machineKey use, as exploited in the wild in March 2025. This enables threat actors (who know the machineKey) to serialize a payload for server-side deserialization to achieve remote code execution. NOTE: a CentreStack admin can manually delete the machineKey defined in portal\web.config.

D-Link D-View Use of Hard-coded Cryptographic Key Authentication Bypass Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to bypass authentication on affected installations of D-Link D-View. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the TokenUtils class. The issue results from a hard-coded cryptographic key. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to bypass authentication on the system. . Was ZDI-CAN-19659.

Dragonfly is an open source P2P-based file distribution and image acceleration system. It is hosted by the Cloud Native Computing Foundation (CNCF) as an Incubating Level Project. Dragonfly uses JWT to verify user. However, the secret key for JWT, "Secret Key", is hard coded, which leads to authentication bypass. An attacker can perform any action as a user with admin privileges. This issue has been addressed in release version 2.0.9. All users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability.

This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers execute arbitrary code on affected installations of TP-Link Archer A7 Firmware Ver: 190726 AC1750 routers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the tdpServer service, which listens on UDP port 20002 by default. This issue results from the use of hard-coded encryption key. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-9652.

Use of hard-coded TLS certificate by default allows an attacker to perform Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) attacks even in the presence of the HTTPS connection. This issue affects: Lanner Inc IAC-AST2500A standard firmware version 1.00.0.

DigestAuthenticator.java in the HTTP Digest Access Authentication implementation in Apache Tomcat 5.5.x before 5.5.34, 6.x before 6.0.33, and 7.x before 7.0.12 uses Catalina as the hard-coded server secret (aka private key), which makes it easier for remote attackers to bypass cryptographic protection mechanisms by leveraging knowledge of this string, a different vulnerability than CVE-2011-1184.

Moxa EDR 810, all versions 5.1 and prior, allows an unauthenticated attacker to be able to retrieve some log files from the device, which may allow sensitive information disclosure. Log files must have previously been exported by a legitimate user.

SonicWall SMA1000 series firmware 12.4.0, 12.4.1-02965 and earlier versions uses a shared and hard-coded encryption key to store data.

Rockwell Automation MicroLogix 1400 Controllers Series B v21.001 and prior, Series A, all versions, MicroLogix 1100 Controller, all versions, RSLogix 500 Software v12.001 and prior, The cryptographic key utilized to help protect the account password is hard coded into the RSLogix 500 binary file. An attacker could identify cryptographic keys and use it for further cryptographic attacks that could ultimately lead to a remote attacker gaining unauthorized access to the controller.

Netmaker makes networks with WireGuard. Prior to versions 0.17.1 and 0.18.6, hardcoded DNS key usage has been found in Netmaker allowing unauth users to interact with DNS API endpoints. The issue is patched in 0.17.1 and fixed in 0.18.6. If users are using 0.17.1, they should run `docker pull gravitl/netmaker:v0.17.1` and `docker-compose up -d`. This will switch them to the patched users. If users are using v0.18.0-0.18.5, they should upgrade to v0.18.6 or later. As a workaround, someone who is using version 0.17.1 can pull the latest docker image of the backend and restart the server.

A hard-coded cryptographic key vulnerability in the default configuration file was found in Kiali, all versions prior to 1.15.1. A remote attacker could abuse this flaw by creating their own JWT signed tokens and bypass Kiali authentication mechanisms, possibly gaining privileges to view and alter the Istio configuration.

Calero VeraSMART versions prior to 2022 R1 use static ASP.NET/IIS machineKey values configured for the VeraSMART web application and stored in C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Veramark\\VeraSMART\\WebRoot\\web.config. An attacker who obtains these keys can craft a valid ASP.NET ViewState payload that passes integrity validation and is accepted by the application, resulting in server-side deserialization and remote code execution in the context of the IIS application.

Twonky Server 8.5.2 on Linux and Windows is vulnerable to a cryptographic flaw, use of hard-coded cryptographic keys. An attacker with knowledge of the encrypted administrator password can decrypt the value with static keys to view the plain text password and gain administrator-level access to Twonky Server.

A vulnerability in the key-based SSH authentication mechanism of Cisco Policy Suite could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to log in to an affected system as the root user. This vulnerability is due to the re-use of static SSH keys across installations. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by extracting a key from a system under their control. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to log in to an affected system as the root user.

GE Multilink ML800, ML1200, ML1600, and ML2400 switches with firmware 4.2.1 and earlier and Multilink ML810, ML3000, and ML3100 switches with firmware 5.2.0 and earlier use the same RSA private key across different customers' installations, which makes it easier for remote attackers to obtain the cleartext content of network traffic by reading this key from a firmware image and then sniffing the network.

The usage of hard-coded cryptographic keys within the ServiceAgent binary allows for the decryption of captured traffic across the network from or to the Moxa AWK-3131A firmware version 1.13.

A Use of Hard-Coded Cryptographic Key issue was discovered in Hyundai Motor America Blue Link 3.9.5 and 3.9.4. The application uses a hard-coded decryption password to protect sensitive user information.

FUXA v1.2.7 contains a hard-coded credential vulnerability in server/api/jwt-helper.js. The application uses a hard-coded secret key to sign and verify JWT Tokens. This allows remote attackers to forge valid admin tokens and bypass authentication to gain full administrative access.

A Use of Hard-coded Cryptographic Key issue was discovered in Korenix JetNet JetNet5018G version 1.4, JetNet5310G version 1.4a, JetNet5428G-2G-2FX version 1.4, JetNet5628G-R version 1.4, JetNet5628G version 1.4, JetNet5728G-24P version 1.4, JetNet5828G version 1.1d, JetNet6710G-HVDC version 1.1e, and JetNet6710G version 1.1. An attacker may gain access to hard-coded certificates and private keys allowing the attacker to perform man-in-the-middle attacks.

Hospira MedNet before 6.1 uses hardcoded cryptographic keys for protection of data transmission from infusion pumps, which allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information by sniffing the network.

Use of Hard-coded Cryptographic Key in Go github.com/gravitl/netmaker prior to 0.8.5,0.9.4,0.10.0,0.10.1.

Databasir is a team-oriented relational database model document management platform. Databasir 1.01 has Use of Hard-coded Cryptographic Key vulnerability. An attacker can use hard coding to generate login credentials of any user and log in to the service background located at different IP addresses.

A hard-coded cryptographic key vulnerability was identified in Red Lion Controls Sixnet-Managed Industrial Switches running firmware Version 5.0.196 and Stride-Managed Ethernet Switches running firmware Version 5.0.190. Vulnerable versions of Stride-Managed Ethernet switches and Sixnet-Managed Industrial switches use hard-coded HTTP SSL/SSH keys for secure communication. Because these keys cannot be regenerated by users, all products use the same key. The attacker could disrupt communication or compromise the system. CVSS v3 base score: 10, CVSS vector string: (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H). Red Lion Controls recommends updating to SLX firmware Version 5.3.174.

A vulnerability has been identified in LOGO! 8 BM (incl. SIPLUS variants) (All versions < V8.3). Project data stored on the device, which is accessible via port 10005/tcp, can be decrypted due to a hardcoded encryption key. The security vulnerability could be exploited by an unauthenticated attacker with network access to port 10005/tcp. No user interaction is required to exploit this security vulnerability. The vulnerability impacts confidentiality of the device. At the time of advisory publication no public exploitation of this security vulnerability was known.

Netmaker is a platform for creating and managing virtual overlay networks using WireGuard. Prior to versions 0.8.5, 0.9.4, and 010.0, there is a hard-coded cryptographic key in the code base which can be exploited to run admin commands on a remote server if the exploiter know the address and username of the admin. This effects the server (netmaker) component, and not clients. This has been patched in Netmaker v0.8.5, v0.9.4, and v0.10.0. There are currently no known workarounds.

Juniper Networks Contrail Service Orchestrator versions prior to 4.0.0 use hardcoded cryptographic certificates and keys in some cases, which may allow network based attackers to gain unauthorized access to services.

Red Lion Controls Crimson, version 3.0 and prior and version 3.1 prior to release 3112.00, uses a hard-coded password to encrypt protected files in transit and at rest, which may allow an attacker to access configuration files.

A vulnerability has been identified in SIMATIC IT UADM (All versions < V1.3). An authenticated remote attacker with network access to port 1434/tcp of SIMATIC IT UADM could potentially recover a password that can be used to gain read and write access to the related TeamCenter station. The security vulnerability could be exploited only if the attacker is authenticated. No user interaction is required to exploit this security vulnerability. Successful exploitation of the security vulnerability compromises the confidentiality of the targeted system. At the time of advisory publication no public exploitation of this security vulnerability was known.

In Moxa EDS-G516E Series firmware, Version 5.2 or lower, the affected products use a hard-coded cryptographic key, increasing the possibility that confidential data can be recovered.

In Moxa PT-7528 series firmware, Version 4.0 or lower, and PT-7828 series firmware, Version 3.9 or lower, the affected products use a hard-coded cryptographic key, which increases the possibility that confidential data can be recovered.

Schneider Electric SoMachine Basic 1.4 SP1 and Schneider Electric Modicon TM221CE16R 1.3.3.3 devices have a hardcoded-key vulnerability. The Project Protection feature is used to prevent unauthorized users from opening an XML protected project file, by prompting the user for a password. This XML file is AES-CBC encrypted; however, the key used for encryption (SoMachineBasicSoMachineBasicSoMa) cannot be changed. After decrypting the XML file with this key, the user password can be found in the decrypted data. After reading the user password, the project can be opened and modified with the Schneider product.

An issue was discovered in Siklu Communications Etherhaul 8010TX and 1200FX devices, Firmware 7.4.0 through 10.7.3 and possibly other previous versions. The rfpiped service listening on TCP port 555 which uses static AES encryption keys hardcoded in the binary. These keys are identical across all devices, allowing attackers to craft encrypted packets that execute arbitrary commands without authentication. This is a failed patch for CVE-2017-7318. This issue may affect other Etherhaul series devices with shared firmware.

Use of Hard-coded Cryptographic Key vulnerability in Mitsubishi Electric GX Works3 versions from 1.000A to 1.095Z, and Motion Control Setting(GX Works3 related software) versions from 1.000A to 1.065T allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to disclose or tamper with sensitive information. As a result, unauthenticated attackers may obtain information about project files illegally.

The affected product has a hardcoded private key available inside the project folder, which may allow an attacker to achieve Web Server login and perform further actions.

A vulnerability has been identified in Siveillance Video Open Network Bridge (2020 R3), Siveillance Video Open Network Bridge (2020 R2), Siveillance Video Open Network Bridge (2020 R1), Siveillance Video Open Network Bridge (2019 R3), Siveillance Video Open Network Bridge (2019 R2), Siveillance Video Open Network Bridge (2019 R1), Siveillance Video Open Network Bridge (2018 R3), Siveillance Video Open Network Bridge (2018 R2). Affected Open Network Bridges store user credentials for the authentication between ONVIF clients and ONVIF server using a hard-coded key. The encrypted credentials can be retrieved via the MIP SDK. This could allow an authenticated remote attacker to retrieve and decrypt all credentials stored on the ONVIF server.

A vulnerability has been identified in SCALANCE X-200RNA switch family (All versions < V3.2.7), SCALANCE X-300 switch family (incl. X408 and SIPLUS NET variants) (All versions < V4.1.0). Devices do not create a new unique private key after factory reset. An attacker could leverage this situation to a man-in-the-middle situation and decrypt previously captured traffic.

minerstat msOS before 2019-10-23 does not have a unique SSH key for each instance of the product.

D-Link D-View Use of Hard-coded Cryptographic Key Authentication Bypass Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to bypass authentication on affected installations of D-Link D-View. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the TokenUtils class. The issue results from a hard-coded cryptographic key. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to bypass authentication on the system. Was ZDI-CAN-21991.

Rockwell Automation ISaGRAF Runtime Versions 4.x and 5.x includes the functionality of setting a password that is required to execute privileged commands. The password value passed to ISaGRAF Runtime is the result of encryption performed with a fixed key value using the tiny encryption algorithm (TEA) on an entered or saved password. A remote, unauthenticated attacker could pass their own encrypted password to the ISaGRAF 5 Runtime, which may result in information disclosure on the device.

A vulnerability has been identified in SCALANCE X-200 switch family (incl. SIPLUS NET variants) (All versions < V5.2.5), SCALANCE X-200IRT switch family (incl. SIPLUS NET variants) (All versions < V5.5.0), SCALANCE X-200RNA switch family (All versions < V3.2.7). Devices create a new unique key upon factory reset, except when used with C-PLUG. When used with C-PLUG the devices use the hardcoded private RSA-key shipped with the firmware-image. An attacker could leverage this situation to a man-in-the-middle situation and decrypt previously captured traffic.

Softing Secure Integration Server Hardcoded Cryptographic Key Information Disclosure Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of Softing Secure Integration Server. Although authentication is required to exploit this vulnerability, the existing authentication mechanism can be bypassed. The specific flaw exists within libopcuaclient.so. The issue results from hardcoding crytographic keys within the product. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to disclose stored credentials, leading to further compromise. Was ZDI-CAN-20610.

Microsoft SQL Server Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Rundeck is an open source automation service with a web console, command line tools and a WebAPI. Rundeck community and rundeck-enterprise docker images contained a pre-generated SSH keypair. If the id_rsa.pub public key of the keypair was copied to authorized_keys files on remote host, those hosts would allow access to anyone with the exposed private credentials. This misconfiguration only impacts Rundeck Docker instances of PagerDuty® Process Automation On Prem (formerly Rundeck) version 4.0 and earlier, not Debian, RPM or .WAR. Additionally, the id_rsa.pub file would have to be copied from the Docker image filesystem contents without overwriting it and used to configure SSH access on a host. A patch on Rundeck's `main` branch has removed the pre-generated SSH key pair, but it does not remove exposed keys that have been configured. To patch, users must run a script on hosts in their environment to search for exposed keys and rotate them. Two workarounds are available: Do not use any pre-existing public key file from the rundeck docker images to allow SSH access by adding it to authorized_keys files and, if you have copied the public key file included in the docker image, remove it from any authorized_keys files.

A vulnerability in the key-based SSH authentication mechanism of Cisco Umbrella Virtual Appliance (VA) could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to impersonate a VA. This vulnerability is due to the presence of a static SSH host key. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by performing a man-in-the-middle attack on an SSH connection to the Umbrella VA. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to learn the administrator credentials, change configurations, or reload the VA. Note: SSH is not enabled by default on the Umbrella VA.

A CWE-321 "Use of Hard-coded Cryptographic Key" in the JWT signing in Q-Free MaxTime less than or equal to version 2.11.0 allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to bypass the authentication via crafted HTTP requests.

Logsign Unified SecOps Platform HTTP API Hard-coded Cryptographic Key Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Logsign Unified SecOps Platform. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the HTTP API. The issue results from using a hard-coded cryptographic key. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-24170.

Delinea Secret Server before 11.7.000001 allows attackers to bypass authentication via the SOAP API in SecretServer/webservices/SSWebService.asmx. This is related to a hardcoded key, the use of the integer 2 for the Admin user, and removal of the oauthExpirationId attribute.

Vasion Print (formerly PrinterLogic) Virtual Appliance Host prior to version 22.0.1026 and Application prior to version 20.0.2702 (only VA deployments) expose an unauthenticated firmware-upload flow: a public page returns a signed token usable at va-api/v1/update, and every Docker image contains the appliance’s private GPG key and hard-coded passphrase. An attacker who extracts the key and obtains a token can decrypt, modify, re-sign, upload, and trigger malicious firmware, gaining remote code execution. This vulnerability has been identified by the vendor as: V-2024-020 — Remote Code Execution.

Use of Hard-coded Cryptographic Key vulnerability in Mitsubishi Electric GX Works3 versions from 1.000A to 1.090U, GT Designer3 Version1 (GOT2000) versions from 1.122C to 1.290C, Motion Control Setting(GX Works3 related software) versions from 1.035M to 1.042U, and MT Works2 versions from 1.100E to 1.200J allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to disclose sensitive information. As a result, unauthenticated users may view programs and project files or execute programs illegally.

Use of Hard-coded Cryptographic Key vulnerability in Mitsubishi Electric GX Works3 versions from 1.000A and later allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to disclose sensitive information. As a result, unauthenticated attackers may view programs and project file or execute programs illegally.

Use of Hard-coded Cryptographic Key vulnerability in Mitsubishi Electric GX Works3 versions from 1.000A and later allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to disclose sensitive information. As a result, unauthenticated attackers may view programs and project files or execute programs illegally.

Use of hard-coded cryptographic key vulnerability in QSAN Storage Manager allows attackers to obtain users’ credentials and related permissions. Suggest contacting with QSAN and refer to recommendations in QSAN Document.

A vulnerability has been identified in Opcenter Quality (All versions < V12.2), QMS Automotive (All versions < V12.30). A private sign key is shipped with the product without adequate protection.

Helpcom before v10.0 contains a file download and execution vulnerability caused by storing hardcoded cryptographic key. It finally leads to a file download and execution via access to crafted web page.

A use of hard-coded cryptographic key in Fortinet FortiSwitch version 7.4.0 and 7.2.0 through 7.2.5 and 7.0.0 through 7.0.7 and 6.4.0 through 6.4.13 and 6.2.0 through 6.2.7 and 6.0.0 through 6.0.7 allows attacker to execute unauthorized code or commands via crafted requests.

Impact: The library offers a function to generate an ed25519 key pair via Ed25519KeyIdentity.generate with an optional param to provide a 32 byte seed value, which will then be used as the secret key. When no seed value is provided, it is expected that the library generates the secret key using secure randomness. However, a recent change broke this guarantee and uses an insecure seed for key pair generation. Since the private key of this identity (535yc-uxytb-gfk7h-tny7p-vjkoe-i4krp-3qmcl-uqfgr-cpgej-yqtjq-rqe) is compromised, one could lose funds associated with the principal on ledgers or lose access to a canister where this principal is the controller.

PanIndex is a network disk directory index. In Panindex prior to version 3.1.3, a hard-coded JWT key `PanIndex` is used. An attacker can use the hard-coded JWT key to sign JWT token and perform any actions as a user with admin privileges. Version 3.1.3 has a patch for the issue. As a workaround, one may change the JWT key in the source code before compiling the project.

An information disclosure vulnerability exists due to the hardcoded TLS key of reolink RLC-410W v3.0.0.136_20121102. A specially-crafted man-in-the-middle attack can lead to a disclosure of sensitive information. An attacker can perform a man-in-the-middle attack to trigger this vulnerability.

The use of multiple hard-coded cryptographic keys in cSRX Series software in Juniper Networks Junos OS allows an attacker to take control of any instance of a cSRX deployment through device management services. This issue affects: Juniper Networks Junos OS on cSRX Series: All versions prior to 20.2R3; 20.3 versions prior to 20.3R2; 20.4 versions prior to 20.4R2.

A vulnerability has been identified in SIMATIC RTLS Locating Manager (6GT2780-0DA00) (All versions < V3.0.1.1), SIMATIC RTLS Locating Manager (6GT2780-0DA10) (All versions < V3.0.1.1), SIMATIC RTLS Locating Manager (6GT2780-0DA20) (All versions < V3.0.1.1), SIMATIC RTLS Locating Manager (6GT2780-0DA30) (All versions < V3.0.1.1), SIMATIC RTLS Locating Manager (6GT2780-1EA10) (All versions < V3.0.1.1), SIMATIC RTLS Locating Manager (6GT2780-1EA20) (All versions < V3.0.1.1), SIMATIC RTLS Locating Manager (6GT2780-1EA30) (All versions < V3.0.1.1). The affected systems use symmetric cryptography with a hard-coded key to protect the communication between client and server. This could allow an unauthenticated remote attacker to compromise confidentiality and integrity of the communication and, subsequently, availability of the system. A successful exploit requires the attacker to gain knowledge of the hard-coded key and to be able to intercept the communication between client and server on the network.

By having access to the hard-coded cryptographic key for GE Reason RT430, RT431 & RT434 GNSS clocks in firmware versions prior to version 08A06, attackers would be able to intercept and decrypt encrypted traffic through an HTTPS connection.

Hard-coded ASP.NET/IIS machineKey value in Digital Knowledge KnowledgeDeliver deployments prior to February 24, 2026 allows adversaries to circumvent ViewState validation mechanisms and achieve remote code execution via malicious ViewState deserialization attacks

FUXA is a web-based Process Visualization (SCADA/HMI/Dashboard) software. An insecure default configuration in FUXA allows an unauthenticated, remote attacker to gain administrative access and execute arbitrary code on the server. This affects FUXA through version 1.2.9 when authentication is enabled, but the administrator JWT secret is not configured. This issue has been patched in FUXA version 1.2.10.

A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in osuuu LightPicture up to 1.2.2. This issue affects the function handle of the file /app/middleware/TokenVerify.php. The manipulation leads to use of hard-coded cryptographic key . The attack may be initiated remotely. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitation is known to be difficult. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-254855.

This improper access control vulnerability in Helpdesk allows attackers to get control of QNAP Kayako service. Attackers can access the sensitive data on QNAP Kayako server with API keys. We have replaced the API key to mitigate the vulnerability, and already fixed the issue in Helpdesk 3.0.1 and later versions.

Dell Enterprise SONiC OS, 4.0.0, 4.0.1, contain a cryptographic key vulnerability in SSH. An unauthenticated remote attacker could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to unauthorized access to communication.

Bambuddy is a self-hosted print archive and management system for Bambu Lab 3D printers. Prior to version 0.1.7, a hardcoded secret key used for signing JWTs is checked into source code and ManyAPI routes do not check authentication. This issue has been patched in version 0.1.7.

Dpanel is a Docker visualization panel system which provides complete Docker management functions. The Dpanel service contains a hardcoded JWT secret in its default configuration, allowing attackers to generate valid JWT tokens and compromise the host machine. This security flaw allows attackers to analyze the source code, discover the embedded secret, and craft legitimate JWT tokens. By forging these tokens, an attacker can successfully bypass authentication mechanisms, impersonate privileged users, and gain unauthorized administrative access. Consequently, this enables full control over the host machine, potentially leading to severe consequences such as sensitive data exposure, unauthorized command execution, privilege escalation, or further lateral movement within the network environment. This issue is patched in version 1.6.1. A workaround for this vulnerability involves replacing the hardcoded secret with a securely generated value and load it from secure configuration storage.

Password reset tokens are generated using an insecure source of randomness. Attackers who know the username of the Journyx installation user can bruteforce the password reset and change the administrator password.

Triangle MicroWorks SCADA Data Gateway Use of Hard-coded Cryptograhic Key Information Disclosure Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of Triangle MicroWorks SCADA Data Gateway. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the TmwCrypto class. The issue results from the usage of a hard-coded cryptograhic key and the usage of a hard-coded certificate. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to disclose sensitive information. Was ZDI-CAN-20615.

A vulnerability in the web-based management interface of Cisco Email Security Appliance, Cisco Secure Email and Web Manager and Cisco Secure Web Appliance could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to elevate privileges on an affected system. The attacker needs valid credentials to exploit this vulnerability. This vulnerability is due to the use of a hardcoded value to encrypt a token used for certain APIs calls . An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by authenticating to the device and sending a crafted HTTP request. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to impersonate another valid user and execute commands with the privileges of that user account.

Affected devices use a hardcoded key to obfuscate the configuration backup that an administrator can export from the device. This could allow an authenticated attacker with administrative privileges or an attacker that obtains a configuration backup to extract configuration information from the exported file.

Vasion Print (formerly PrinterLogic) Virtual Appliance Host and Application (VA/SaaS deployments) contain an undocumented 'printerlogic' user with a hardcoded SSH public key in '~/.ssh/authorized_keys' and a sudoers rule granting the printerlogic_ssh group 'NOPASSWD: ALL'. Possession of the matching private key gives an attacker root access to the appliance.

The secret used for validating authentication tokens is hardcoded in device firmware for affected versions. An attacker who obtains the signing key can bypass authentication, gaining complete access to the system.

The Use of a Hard-coded Cryptographic Key vulnerability in Juniper Networks Juniper Cloud Native Router (JCNR) and containerized routing Protocol Deamon (cRPD) products allows an attacker to perform Person-in-the-Middle (PitM) attacks which results in complete compromise of the container. Due to hardcoded SSH host keys being present on the container, a PitM attacker can intercept SSH traffic without being detected.  This issue affects Juniper Networks JCNR: * All versions before 23.4. This issue affects Juniper Networks cRPD: * All versions before 23.4R1.

Use of Hard-coded Cryptographic Key vulnerability in SonicWall GMS, SonicWall Analytics. This issue affects GMS: 9.3.2-SP1 and earlier versions; Analytics: 2.5.0.4-R7 and earlier versions.

Use of Hard-coded Cryptographic Key vulnerability in the WebReportsApi.dll of Exago Web Reports, as used in the Device42 Asset Management Appliance, allows an attacker to leak session IDs and elevate privileges. This issue affects: Device42 CMDB versions prior to 18.01.00.

An authentication bypass vulnerability exists in the requestHandlers.js verifyToken functionality of Milesight VPN v2.0.2. A specially-crafted network request can lead to authentication bypass. An attacker can send a network request to trigger this vulnerability.

Ovarro TBox TWinSoft uses the custom hardcoded user “TWinSoft” with a hardcoded key.

Vasion Print (formerly PrinterLogic) before Virtual Appliance Host 22.0.843 Application 20.0.1923 allows Hardcoded IdP Key V-2023-006.

Use of Hard-coded Cryptographic Key vulnerability in Sifir Bes Education and Informatics Kunduz - Homework Helper App allows Authentication Abuse, Authentication Bypass. This issue affects Kunduz - Homework Helper App: before 6.2.3.

An information disclosure vulnerability exists in the router configuration export functionality of InHand Networks InRouter302 V3.5.4. A specially-crafted network request can lead to increased privileges. An attacker can send an HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability.

A vulnerability has been identified in LOGO! 8 BM (incl. SIPLUS variants) (All versions < V8.3). The implemented encryption for communication with affected devices is prone to replay attacks due to the usage of a static key. An attacker could change the password or change the configuration on any affected device if using prepared messages that were generated for another device.

Metasys® ADS/ADX servers and NAE/NIE/NCE engines prior to 9.0 make use of a hardcoded RC2 key for certain encryption operations involving the Site Management Portal (SMP).

Agentflow developed by Flowring has an Use of Hard-coded Cryptographic Key vulnerability, allowing unauthenticated remote attackers to exploit the fixed key to generate verification information, thereby logging into the system as any user. Attacker must first obtain an user ID in order to exploit this vulnerability.

A vulnerability has been found in PerfreeBlog 4.0.11 and classified as problematic. This vulnerability affects the function JwtUtil of the component JWT Handler. The manipulation leads to use of hard-coded cryptographic key . The attack can be initiated remotely. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitation appears to be difficult. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Code Dx versions prior to 2023.4.2 are vulnerable to user impersonation attack where a malicious actor is able to gain access to another user's account by crafting a custom "Remember Me" token. This is possible due to the use of a hard-coded cipher which was used when generating the token. A malicious actor who creates this token can supply it to a separate Code Dx system, provided they know the username they want to impersonate, and impersonate the user.  Score 6.7 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N/E:P/RL:O/RC:C

Delta Industrial Automation DIALink versions 1.4.0.0 and prior are vulnerable to the use of a hard-coded cryptographic key which could allow an attacker to decrypt sensitive data and compromise the machine.

Hard-coded Cryptographic Key vulnerability in Salesforce Marketing Cloud Engagement (CloudPages, Forward to a Friend, Profile Center, Subscription Center, Unsub Center, View As Webpage modules) allows Web Services Protocol Manipulation. This issue affects Marketing Cloud Engagement: before January 21st, 2026.

IceCMS v3.4.7 and before was discovered to contain a hardcoded JWT key, allowing an attacker to forge JWT authentication information.

A vulnerability was found in Juanpao JPShop up to 1.5.02. It has been declared as problematic. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file api/config/params.php of the component API. The manipulation of the argument JWT_KEY_ADMIN leads to use of hard-coded cryptographic key . The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitation appears to be difficult. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier VDB-252997 was assigned to this vulnerability.

MGT-COMMERCE CloudPanel ships with a static SSL certificate to encrypt communications to the administrative interface, shared across every installation of CloudPanel. This behavior was observed in version 2.2.0. There has been no indication from the vendor this has been addressed in version 2.2.1.

NVIDIA DGX OS contains a vulnerability in the factory provisioning process, where the cloning of a base image causes identical SSH host keys to be deployed across multiple systems. The sharing of cryptographic identifiers across all similarly provisioned systems enables host impersonation or attacker-in-the-middle attacks. A successful exploit of this vulnerability might lead to code execution, data tampering, escalation of privileges, information disclosure, and denial of service.

Advantech WISE-DeviceOn Server versions prior to 5.4 contain a hard-coded cryptographic key vulnerability. The product uses a static HS512 HMAC secret for signing EIRMMToken JWTs across all installations. The server accepts forged JWTs that need only contain a valid email claim, allowing a remote unauthenticated attacker to generate arbitrary tokens and impersonate any DeviceOn account, including the root super admin. Successful exploitation permits full administrative control of the DeviceOn instance and can be leveraged to execute code on managed agents through DeviceOn’s remote management features.

RUCKUS Network Director (RND) before 4.5 allows spoofing of an administrator JWT by an attacker who knows the hardcoded value of a certain secret key.